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2009-06-28 Sun

#62. ʤ֤ȯЪΥƤ椯Τ [spelling_pronunciation_gap][etymological_respelling]

֤ȯδطϡˤä٤κ졤֤ȤȤƤ椯Τ§Τ褦ܸβ̾ϸ§ȤɽŪȤѤ֤ϡס֤ءפϡ֤ס֤פƱȤʤΤǡ֤ȯפδط100%ǤϤʤѸξ硤⤷֤ȯפȤĤɤ顤Ȥäɤ̤ۤʤΤǤϤʤ֤ȯΥåפˤĤƤϡޤǤⲿ٤Ƥspellingƥ꡼ε򻲾ȡ
䤬롥ʤ֤ȯδطƤ椯ΤʤΤ
⡤Ѹ˸¤äͳͤΤCulpeper (32--33) ˤȡѸˤ֤ȯκŪ˳ƤʤƳޤޤˤʤäƤͳϡ˼6󤵤롥

(1) A basic problem is that there are not enough letters to represent phonemes on a one-to-one basis
(2) A number of oddities in spelling were introduced by ME scribes, sometimes influenced by French, and later by the early printers
(3) Etymological respellings have added to the number of 'silent letters'
(4) English spelling is complicated by the fact that it contains the spelling conventions of other languages
(5) Beginning in the fifteenth century, a standard spelling system had fully evolved by the eighteenth century But spellings were fixed when great changes were occurring in pronunciation, notably the Great Vowel Shift
(6) Much social prestige is now attached to conforming with the standard

6Ǥ褯ޤȤޤäƤȻפ(1)(4)γˤĤƤϡ֤ȯЪΥˤϡ褽¾ȤܿͿƤ뤳Ȥ狼롥
(1) ϡѸ줬ƥ줫޻ѤȤüȯǤ롥35ĤäűѸβǤФơ޻23ʤä([2009-05-29-1], [2009-05-15-1])(2) ϡե󥹸֤򶯰˱ѸƤϤ᤿Ȥޤࡥ(3) ϡ˥ƥ奮ꥷθ츻򻲾ȤƤΡʳŪʻҲǤ롥(4) ϡ¿θ줫ñѤȤˡ֤Ѹ˥󥸤ˤΤޤ޼줿Ȥؤ
ȤܿѸθä˭٤ˤѸɽϤ᤿Ȥϡ¿οͤǧȤǤ롥η̤Ȥơ֤ȯδطȤʤäƤޤäܿϡʻݤߤʤѲƤ椯ΤΤ褦
ۤɿʤä¤ܸˤϱѸȤ٤Τˤʤʤ餤椷֤ȯЪΥ롥Ǥ롥ͤƤߤСܸ줬˾塤ܿƤ椨ΰ仺Ʊˡܸɽ̵¤βǽ⤿餷Ȥϵ٤ʤѸˤƤܸˤƤ⡤ܿΥʥߥ򴶤롥

Culpeper, Jonathan. History of English. 2nd ed. London: Routledge, 2005.

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#61. porridge ϰ򤳤Ƽѹ٤ [etymology]

åȥɤŪī porridge 롥ǼѹǤ륪ʤɤδǤ롥
⤦10ǯˤʤ뤬åȥɤΥ (The Isle of Skye) ιȤΤȡB&BޤꡤīФ줿īΥݥåäθäޤȤˤƤΤȤ̣ϰۤʤ뤬ȤߤʢˤޤƱ
ΤȤ˶äΤϡĴ̣ȤƱȺФƤȤƤδ˺ȤΤϹͤǤⵤϤǤϥݥå˺ȤΤ롥ɤȺɤ褦Ϥ꺽Ϥʤ롥ʤȻפˡʤߤˡϤǤϤ˶ᤤɤɤƤ˴̣Ĵ̣򤳤Ǥ⤫줿ǥȤ rice pudding Ȥ̾ǰ̤Ƥ롥񤤤Ƥ뤽Ф顤Ƶʬ
ơǤΥݥåθݤ˻ĤäƤιԤοǯ˱濫äƥåȥɤαؤ뤳ȤˤʤäΥݥåθפФơαΰīʬǥݥåѤƿ٤ƤĴñϰ¤ݤ뤷Ȥꤢʢˤޤ롥㤦B&Bǿ٤ݥå㤦ʤɤ餫ȤȤޤ¤ʢˤޤ뤷ȤȤŪ˿³ˤΤ˰ƤơƤ椤ƿ٤褦ˤʤäݥåΥ᡼ϡϤ䥹ΤǤϤʤīˤƤäˤȤפʤΤƤƤޤäΤä
ơporridge 16˽ƱѸ˸줿κθϡڡμѹߥספäθϡ13Ѹˤä pottage ȤҲѲΤǤ롥 pottage ڡμѹߥספΰդǤꡤpotage Ȥե󥹼ѸΥȤذưѰ۷Ǥ롥Ȥˤե󥹸ηϡ16˲ơ֡ʥեΡ˥ݥפȤ̣DZѸäƤ⡤pot ֤ʤ١פǼѹǤ롥porridge ϡڡμѹߥספθ顤17˸ߤΡ֥ʤɤδפΰ̣Ѳ
θ츻ϸΤä櫓⤷α porridge ȤǤäѹǻϤ̣廊ѹߥפͳ褹ΤΤäƤС⤦λѤäƤ⤷ʤB&BΥݥåäΤϡ餯нȤäƤäѹǤäʤΤβ򴶤Τϡܤδ⥹åȥɤΥݥåƱǤ롥ǡα˼椷ݥåϡѡäʪθݥƽнʤ˿ʬѤǤ롥ǤϤϤʤ˵񤬤Ȥˤϡѹߥ׼ѹߥ׼ѹߥפǰʤ餸ä갦򤳤ƥݥåѹǤߤ츻¤˿

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