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ͤϤɤΤ褦ˤ¿θ (mental lexicon) ѤƤ椯ΤȤϸ콬 (language acquisition) ʬˤ礭Ǥ롥ͤˤʤˤĤ첻֡ε§νǽϤƹԤȹͤƤ뤬äνǽϤϰݻȤҶˤͤˤ衤äɤΤ褦˽Ƥ椯ΤռŪʸóؽ̤ȤơΤʤǤθýˤĤƤϡޤ椬¿
ůؼ W. O. Quine ʲΤ褦ʾ˸ڤơؼԤ the Gavagai problem ȾΤƤý꤬롥
Picture yourself on a safari with a guide who does not speak English. All of a sudden, a large brown rabbit runs across a field some distance from you. The guide points and says "gavagai!" What does he mean? / One possibility is, of course, that he's giving you his word for 'rabbit'. But why couldn't he be saying something like "There goes a rabbit running across the field"? or perhaps "a brown one," or "Watch out!," or even "Those are really tasty!"? How do you know? / In other words, there may be so much going on in our immediate environment that an act of pointing while saying a word, phrase, or sentence will not determine clearly what the speaker intends his utterance to refer to. (Lieber 16)
̤ǤС嵭ξˤ gavagai Ȳ᤹ΤΤ褦˻פ뤬ľŪʡּפϤɤΤؼԤϡͤϸý˴ؤ뤤Ĥθ§äƤȲꤹ (Lieber 17--18)
(1) Lexical Contrast Principle: ΤΥΤ˺ä̤ΤΥΤܤˤꡤ̤Τθ줬ȯΤʹȤؽԤϤ̤ΤΥΤȤ̤ΤθӤĤ롥
(2) Whole Object Principle: ̤Τθ̤ΤΥΤȷӤĤȤؽԤϤθ̤ΤΥΤؼΤȤƲ᤹롥̤ΤΥΤΰʤɤؼΤȤƤϲᤷʤ
(3) Mutual Exclusivity Principle: ΤΥΤܤˤꡤ̤Τθ줬ȯΤʹȤؽԤϼϤ̤ΤΥΤõƤȷӤĤ뤫뤤ϴΤΥΤΰؼΤȤƲ᤹롥
β¿μ¸ˤäƻٻƤ롥¤ˤϵ the Gavagai problem ȤƤ⡤嵭Τ褦άŪ§ͥ褵뤳Ȥˤäơ桹¿θäƤΤǤ롥ΤˡΤ褦ʸΨŪάʤСؽԤϿȤäǤϤʤ
Lieber, Rochelle. Introducing Morphology. Cambridge: CUP, 2010.
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ǽ: 2026-06-26 03:46
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