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2015-10-06 Tue

#2353. ʤ󥰥ͤϥ󥰥ɤ򤫤᤯Τ [history][anglo-saxon][celtic]

4֤ˤ錄äƥ֥ƥ򼣤Ƥ޿ͤϡ410ǯ޼Ȥ٤֥ƥ礫űˤäޤ줿Ūˤꡤ֥ƥϥȽ̱²ؤ롥̱²Ūٱ٤ΦƤ󥰥ͤ͡ʤޥ̱²֥ƥ˸ƤӴ󤻤ȡषޥ󷳤ϥȷμߤ򸫤ƤȤꡤ쵤οƼԤȤʤä
ϡ󥰥ͤˤ֥ƥΡŪʽŪʵҤǤ롥Ǥϡ󥰥ͤδȿͤδ̤Ȥ¤ˤ狼䤹ޤƤ롥͸ۤ180žȤäƤ褯ȼäơμ礿Ѹ⡤ȷϽ줫ޥʤʤҤäƱѸˤظؤ󥰥ͤϡȿͤʤޤǤáΤ᤹뤤ʤɼؤŰŪɤäȤˤʤ롥
ۤɤޤǤδȤΤϡ󥰥ͤˤȤäơäޤǤƤ䤤ʤΤ褦ʴ顤ºݤˤϤʤ٥󥰥ͤȥȿͤͻ礬äΤǤϤʤʤɤεʤƤ⤤롥
Τ褦ʽŪʸФƤƤȤϤ󥰥ͤˤ륤󥰥᤯ĸΨŪˤʤ줿Ȥϻ¤Τ褦ɸ˳ؤǤϤ뤬ʤѸˤˤƤפǤ롥Denison and Hogg (10) ϡ嵭ζʽŪʵҤ̤ǡΤ褦˽Ҥ٤Ƥ롥

But that is not quite enough to explain the rapidity of the Germanic settlement, which was far more a conquest of Britain, linguistically speaking, than the Norman Conquest 500 years later would be. What its speed suggests is that there must have been considerable population pressure in northwestern Europe at the time, perhaps partly because in the fifth century the average temperature was lower than it had been earlier and would again be later. Whatever the case may have been, this conquest saw an overwhelmingly rapid replacement or absorption of the existing Celtic linguistic community by the newly arrived Germanic speakers. There is now some genetic evidence for mass immigration to central English . . . , consistent with displacement of the male Celtic population by Anglo-Saxons but saying nothing about females. Before long Celtic speakers had been confined to the lands west of Offa's Dyke, to Cornwall, the northwest, and north of the Borders of Scotland. The gradual elimination of Celtic has continued remorselessly, albeit slowly, ever since. It may only have been with the coming of Christianity and the establishment of churches and abbeys that Anglo-Saxon England started to achieve the beginning of the types of political and social structure which we associate with later centuries.


ǯѸˤˤƥȸθŪƶФˤ褦ˤʤäƤΡŷŪʡץ󥰥ͤοϡΤ褦ʲˤؤ礭Ǥ롥¤ΤäβԤ롥

Denison, David and Richard Hogg. "Overview." Chapter 1 of A History of the English Language. Ed. Richard Hogg and David Denison. Cambridge: CUP, 2006. 1--42.

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