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ε#2878. comfort m ȯ ([2017-03-14-1]) ˰³ǼĤǴ줿ˤĤơƥƬ com- ϡ³ǤƬ f ξˤϡ̾ con- ѲϤǤϤʤȤǤ롥Τ conference, confident, configuration, confine ۤȤɤΥ con- ȤʤäƤ롥comfort(table) 㳰Ȥʤꡤ¾㳰 comfort ˴Ϣ줫comfit ̡ˡcomfiture ̡ˡcomfrey ʥե饵ʥҥϥ°¿ǯˤ餤ΤΤǡ˵Ǥ롥
Ƭθ츻ˤĤƤ com- ϥƥ "with, together" ̣ cum ƬȤѤ褦ˤʤäΤǡƥ줫ľܡޤե줫Ū˱ѸäŪʸΤʤǤϡ m ϲƱˤ͡ʸ̾ϡb, p, m ʤɤǤ com- Τޤ뤬l Ǥ col- Ȥơr Ǥ cor- Ȥơ첻 h, gn, w Ǥ co- ȤƸ졤ʳξˤ con- Ȥʤ롥㳰¿comfort ⤽1ĤǤ롥
Upward and Davidson (142) ϡդΤȤʲΤ褦˲⤷Ƥ뤬comfort comfit ˤĤƤñ㳰ŪȻŦƤΤߤǡθˤĤƤϽҤ٤Ƥʤ
Before B and P, OFr normally wrote CUM-: cumbatre 'to combat', cumpagnie 'company'. Although this was later altered back to the Lat COM- spelling, Eng retained the pronunciation related to CUM-, whence the /ʌ/ vowel of comfort, company, compass, etc.
In comfort and comfit, the CON- was altered in Eng to COM-: comfort < OFr cunforter < Lat confortare 'to strengthen'; comfit < ME confyt < OFr confit.
ˡcomfort ˤĤ Barnhart θ츻ŵäƤߤȡťե줫μѤ˴ϢƤ䤳𤬤褦ǡֻ˴ؤƤ con- ä˱Ѹ¦ com- ؤѲȤŦ롥
Probably before 1200 cunfort a feeling of consolation, in Ancrene Riwle; later confort (about 1200 and about 1280); borrowed probably through Anglo-French from Old French cunfort, confort, from earlier noun use derived from the stem of Latin cōnfortāre strengthen. Apparently the noun and verb were borrowed separately in English, though the noun replaced earlier Old English frōfor; however, it is possible that the later verb is from the noun. The phonetic change of con- to com- before f took place in English.
Skeat θ츻ŵǤ⡤ϤѸˤ con- com- ѲȤ¤ܤƤʤ
Though the verb is the original of the sb., the latter seems to have been earlier introduced into English. The ME. verb is conforten, later comforten, by the change of n to m before f. It is used by Chaucer, Troil. and Cress. iv. 722, v. 234, 1395. [The sb. confort is in Chaucer, Prol. 775, 7788 (A 773, 776); but occurs much earlier. It is spelt cunfort in Ol Eng. Homilies, ed. Morris, i. 185; kunfort in Ancren Riwle, p. 14.]
ѸǤΰֻʬۤťեǤֻܤĴƤߤʤ¤ꡤcomfort m Ρ֤ʤפˤϡʾ뤳ȤϤǤʤǤ롥
ʤcomfit ֻˤĤƤϡإåץѸ츻ŵ٤ confectionery ιˡ̣Ū comfort ȴˤ䤫˴ϢŤ줿ΤǤϤʤȤλŦ롥
Upward, Christopher and George Davidson. The History of English Spelling. Malden, MA: Wiley-Blackwell, 2011.
Barnhart, Robert K. and Sol Steimetz, eds. The Barnhart Dictionary of Etymology. Bronxville, NY: The H. W. Wilson, 1988.
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