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2022-07-06 Wed

#4818. standard ΰ̣Ѳ [terminology][oed][standardisation][semantic_change][prestige]

ε#4817. standard θ츻 ([2022-07-05-1]) ˰³OED standard Ȥܤ롥ϡñȤƤ standard ɤạ̈Ѳεפ򤿤ɤꤿ  *
褦ˡstandard Ѹ˽Фݤˤϡַפ̣ƤθϸߤǤĤäƤ롥θ塤15ˤʤȡ̹դδñ̡פθOED Ǥ A. III θˤȯã󥰥ΥޥƥǤǤȯãƤΤ褦ǡѸȤƤ⤳ڤꤿȤȤ餷OED ǤϡΤ褦롥

The senses of branch A. III. originally arose in Britain. The first of these senses, denoting a legal weight or measure (see A. 15) is attested slightly earlier in Anglo-Norman and Latin than it is in English; compare (in this sense) post-classical Latin standardus (frequently from 13th cent. in British sources), Anglo-Norman estandard (a1280 as estaundart); this use may be a development of the sense 'military flag or banner' (see sense A. 1), with the royal standard taken as the symbol of royal authority, e.g. to impose the legal norms (compare also later sense A. 4).


ΰѤθȾʬŪǤ롥ַפȡָפζϡֲξħפǤ뤳ȤȤ
ơ褤˴ؤ standard θĤޤɸפо줹뤬ȤƤ϶äۤ٤1904ǯФǤ롥OED θ23ȤνѤ롥

23. A language variety of a country or other linguistic area which is by convention generally considered the most correct and acceptable form, esp. for written use. Cf. sense B. 3d.
. . . .
   1904 Life 18 Feb. 167/1 Each one of these variations in tone and pronunciation is bound to give us some day a conglomerate which will not be pure in inflection or pronunciation unless we have a single, spoken standard, to which all who call themselves educated will seek to conform.


嵭ϡɸפ̣̾ȤƤνǤꡤƤƻɸŪʡפθˤĤƤСB. 3d θȤ1᤯1806ǯ˽ФƤ롥

d. Designating a language variety of a country or other linguistic area which is by convention generally considered the most correct and acceptable form (esp. for written use), as in Standard English, Standard American English, Modern Standard Arabic n., etc.
   A standard language variety is often associated with or prescribed in various ways by formal institutions, including government, language academies, and education and national media.

   1806 G. Chalmers in D. Lindsay Poet. Wks. I. 141 The Scottish dialect was formed, as the various dialects of England were formed, by retaining antiquated words and old orthography, while the standard English relinquished both, and adopted novelties.


ַסָפήθȡ˴ؤɸʸˡפθȯãطʤˤϡֹ񲦤θҤ˻٤줿ͣϡסֹ̱äƽ٤ޤפȤäܵФǤ롥⤷ΰ̣ѲΥ롼ȤȤСˤĤƤ standard ϡ顤ñʤɸפȤ⡤ȥåץ󿧤ζֵϡפ˶ᤤ촶ȼäƤΤǤϤʤȵ롥ݡФǤʤǤˤäƤϡֵϡפץץ󤷤ƤΤ standard θ촶
Ϣơ#4777. ɸױѸΰ̣ --- ֳ̤Ѹפ֤餤Ѹءס ([2022-05-26-1]) ⻲ȡ

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