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2010-09-04 Sat

#495. Ǥʤ첻 [gvs]

( Great Vowel Shift ) ˤĤƤϡޤǤ[2009-11-18-1]Ϥ gvs γƵ󶡤ƤGVS Ѹ˾礭ǤΤϡ츫ηŪ˵äƤʤΤ褯Ȥ㳰뤫㳰ޤ GVS Ȥݤ褦ȤȡɤƤˤϤʤΤȤʤΤǤ롥
GVS ǤʤȤ¿ԤˤäƻŦƤꡤ push chain drag chain ʤɤѸǵǽŪƤݤǤϸ̤βѲνȤǧ뤳Ȥ¿ʤäƤǤСGVS ϰǤϤʤ "local" ǤɽǤ"local" ΰ̣ˤĤƤ Nevalainen (120--21) ñƤǤ롥

The Great Vowel Shift was local in three respects. First, it never ran its course in all regional dialects: in the northern dialects it affected the front vowels but not all back vowels. Secondly, it did not proceed uniformly across the lexicon as one might expect a fully regular sound change to do, that is, it did not affect all the words that contained a sound that qualified for a given change. Finally, there are some developments in words containing long vowels with outcomes that could not have been predicted from their Middle English forms. Some of these 'irregularities' in the southern mainstream variety may be attributed to dialect contact.



(1) GVS δŰ٤ˤäưۤʤ뤳ȡ(2) ܤǤͽۤ벻Ѳ٤Ƥθä˹ԤϤäƤʤȡ(3) ͽۤ벻ѲϤȽϤδط㳰¸ߤ뤳ȡȤޤȤơ㳰 "dialect contact" ˤäȤ롥
ǯGVS ǤϤʤȤͤ夬äƤƤΤϡ̤βѲطʤˤ֤ܿȤ櫓üԤɤδ֤εΥμȤäҲŪװ뤳ȤܤƤؤȯãˤäơꥹνˤؤδؿޤäƤȤطƤ롥
Ҳؤؤȯã GVS κƲϤΤ褦ϢưƤȹͤ뤬"dialect contact" ȤȯۼΤϼ¤˸ŤΤǤ롥ȤΤϡ19Ⱦ˳ʸˡ ( neo-grammarians ) Ʊ褦ʤȤͤƤǤ롥ϲѲϸ§Ȥ㳰ʤӤƺѤȹͤºݤΤȤ㳰˽Ф魯Ȥ ( analogy ) ( borrowing ) ˤΤȤƽƤԤμѤȤäμѤΤȤؤƤꡤ嵭 "dialect contact" ȤۤƱǤȤäƤ褤
ߵäƤ GVS κƹͻϡʸˡŪʹͤؤñʤ󵢤ǤϤʤҲؤؤθ椬ʤƤƤΤǡ GVS ƲѲˤĤȤ˸̤˹ͻ뤳ȤˤʤäƤΤǤϤʤGVS Ϥ줫ѸˤμפʥơޤǤ³
ǶܳŪͤϡSmith, Chapter 6 򻲾ȡ

Nevalainen, Terttu. An Introduction to Early Modern English. Edinburgh: Edinburgh UP, 2006.
Smith, Jeremy J. Sound Change and the History of English. Oxford: OUP, 2007.

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