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ѲϢ³ŪǤ뤿ᡤŪʴΤߤˤꡤˤʬ뤳ȤԲǽǤ롥Ūʴ˲ä¿ʬ˸쳰ŪʴޤơʬƤ椯ΤǤ롥ޤʬäޤäƤޤȡȤʤä̵Ƚ˼ѤƤ椯Ȥˤʤ롥Ω줿ʬϸϰϤˡŤϤꡤưͿץ饹¦̤ƱˡƤޤޥʥ¦̤äƤ롥äơʬȽŪ˸ƤȤ˽פǤ롥
ѸˤλʬŪˤĤƤϡ##232,233,234,235,236,237 Ϣ³Ǽ夲ƤHenry Sweet 3ʬߤ˻ޤŪ˼ѤƤ뤬Ȥ櫓ѸλϤޤɤǯƤ뤫ȤˤĤƤϡޤȤδ֤Ǥ⸫ɤƤ롥¿γǤϡ1100ǯ뤤1150ǯȤǯ夬褯ߤ롥ߤȾۤʤȤΤϡ˽ʬǤ롥
ŤϤ뤬褯ѤȤơפڤä Malone ͤΤƤߤ褦ޤMalone ϡSweet θŵʤ顤Ū3ʬޤλ¸٤ˤΤǤ뤳Ȥǧ
I propose, therefore, to start with the three main divisions of Old, Middle and Modern, based mainly on the inflectional characteristics of each stage. Old English is the period of full inflections (nama, gifan, caru), Middle English of levelled inflections (naame, given, caare), and Modern English of lost inflections (naam, giv, caar). (qtd in Malone, p. 110 as from Sweet, A History of English Sounds, printed on p. 160 of the Transactions of the Philological Society for 1873--74.)
Sweet θűѸѸ̤ϡʿƤ뤫ɤȤˤ롥ŪˤС˸롤͡첻ɽ蘆첻줾ħŪʲݤäƤ뤤 [ə] ؤۣ沽ƤȤˤ롥ۣ沽켫ΤϢ³ŪǤ뤿ᡤ줬Ϥޤäǯ⽪äǯΤ˸ꤹ뤳ȤϤǤʤ褽θȤȤǤС¿Ԥ12դƧǤꡤ줬ߤͼƤ1100ǯ1150ǯʤɤζڤǯȿǤƤ롥
Malone ϡSweet ˽äơ첻 [ə] ǯ夬ʤűѸѸʬǯǤȤΤǤС1000ǯˤޤǤΤܤ餻ɬפƤ롥ȤΤϡ10ΤΤȤ4 (the Vercelli Book, the Exeter Book, the Junius Codex, the Beowulf Codex) ˤ첻ʬۤܺ٤˸ƤȡǤ˶첻 [ə] ʤǤͻҤ "scribal error" ̤Ʊ뤫
εϡƱΥƥȤθ줬ɤޤǸȡ Schriftsprache ȿǤƤΤȯֻδطɤޤΤͤߤΤȤ̩ܤ˴ؤäƤ롥ֻΤߤͤΤǤС첻餫 <e> 11뤤12ԤɬפΤ⤷ʤȯ䤷̤ΤǤС첻 [ə] ϡ10˸ȤȤˤʤ롥¸Ǥ϶üᤤǯǤϤ뤬ε̤ơѸϤĻϤޤäȤ䤤װΤ뤳ȤǤ褦˻פ롥
Malone, Kemp. "When Did Middle English Begin?" Language 6 (1930): 110--17.
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