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ε#1977. Ѳˤܿν (1) ([2014-09-25-1]) ˰³ƤꡥѤ Drinka Ʊ Companion ˼ϿƤ Luraghi ʸ˴Ť롥
ʸˡˤѲϡ֤Դʸã (imperfect language transmission from one generation to the next) ˿Ԥ롥Ҷθ콬κݤ˥ѥͤȤϰۤʤͤꤵ뤳ȤˤꡤʸˡȤͤLuraghi (359) ϡΤ褦ʡֻҶײפ2κŪʵꤲ롥
In spite of various implementations, the 'child-based theory' . . . leaves some basic questions unanswered, i.e., in the first place: how do children independently come up with the same reanalysis at exactly the same time . . . ? and, second, why does this happen in certain precise moments, while preceding generations of children have apparently done quite well setting parameters the same way as their parents did? In other words, the second question shows that the child-based theory does not account for the fact that not only languages may change, but also that they may exhibit no changes over remarkably long periods of time.
ҶײԤϡ2ܤεФƼΤ褦ĤޤꡤƤȻҤȤǤϤȤʤ PLD (Primary Linguistic Data) ۤʤäƤꡤѥͤΰȤʤΤۤʤΤȡʤ֤ϤۤʤΤ̤ΤޤޤǤ롥֤ϤۤʤäΤˤʤ뤿ˤϡ콬ʳηѰۤѲƤʤФʤʤϤĤޤꡤͤüԤѰۤѲƤȤͤʤ
ҶײΤ⤦1ĤȤơ"the serious problem that there is no positive evidence, in terms of real data from field research, for language change to happen between generations" (360) 롥ҲؤǤ Labov ĴʤɤˤѲθ줬ͤߤƤꡤиŪդ롥ѲγȻϿƤ롥⡤ѲγȻ˱ƶϤäƤΤϡۤȤɤ٤ƤΥˤơҶǤϤʤͤǤ뤳Ȥ狼äƤ롥
ʾȿäǡLuraghi ϸѲʤ켫ȤϺȳȻʤˤθϡŪˤϤ٤ƸܿˤǤ롥ξ硤ܿȤϤäƤ2Ĥθ֤ȤϤܿǤϤʤ2ĤѼ֡뤤2ĤθĿ (idiolect) ֤ȤϤܿޤࡥǾϤȤƤäʹΤߤδ֤Ÿ accommodation κѤ٤ƤθѲθǤ롤Ȥĥ
. . . in spite of varying social factors and different relations between social groups in case of language contact and in case of internal variation, mutual accommodation of speakers and hearers is the ultimate cause of change. The fact that an innovation is accepted within a community depends on the prestige of innovators and early adopters, and may be seen as a function of the willingness of a speaker/hearer to accommodate another speaker/hearer in interaction, and thus to behave as she/he thinks the other person would behave . . . . (369)
Luraghi ϡѲʤθˤäơŪ (innovation) ͤͤؤȳȻ (diffusion) Ƥ椯Ȥ櫓Ż뤷Ƥ롥ѲȤϲȤ˱ơʤ餽θѤäƤ뤬⸶§Ȥ Luraghi Drinka Τ褦˸ѲˤüԵڤüԶƱΤȤδطˤªȹͤƤ롥
Luraghi, Silvia. "Causes of Language Change." Chapter 20 of Continuum Companion to Historical Linguistics. Ed. Silvia Luraghi and Vit Bubenik. London: Continuum, 2010. 358--70.
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