hellog〜英語史ブログ / 2025-12-12

■ #6073. B&C の第62節 "The Earlier Influence of Christianity on the Vocabulary" (5) --- Taku さんとの超精読会 [bchel][latin][borrowing][loan_word][christianity][link][voicy][heldio][anglo-saxon][history][helmate][oe]

　今朝の Voicy heldio にて「#1657. 英語史の古典的名著 Baugh and Cable を読む (62-5) with Taku さん --- オンライン超精読会より」をお届けしました．本ブログでも3日前にご案内した「#6070. B&C の第62節 "The Earlier Influence of Christianity on the Vocabulary" (4) --- Taku さんとの超精読会」 ([2025-12-09-1]) の続編となります．
　引き続き，ヘルメイトの Taku さんこと金田拓さん（帝京科学大学）の進行のもと，B&C の第62節の最後の3文をじっくりと精読しています．具体的な単語が多く列挙されている箇所なので『英語語源辞典』などを引きながら読むと勉強になるはずです．
　では，今回の精読対象の英文を掲載しましょう（Baugh and Cable, p. 82) ．

Finally, we may mention a number of words too miscellaneous to admit of profitable classification, like anchor, coulter, fan (for winnowing), fever, place (cf. market-place), spelter (asphalt), sponge, elephant, phoenix, mancus (a coin), and some more or less learned or literary words, such as calend, circle, legion, giant, consul, and talent. The words cited in these examples are mostly nouns, but Old English borrowed also a number of verbs and adjectives such as āspendan (to spend; L. expendere), bemūtian (to exchange; L. mūtāre), dihtan (to compose; L. dictāre), pīnian (to torture; L. poena), pīnsian (to weigh; L. pēnsāre), pyngan (to prick; L. pungere), sealtian (to dance; L. saltāre), temprian (to temper; L. temperāre), trifolian (to grind; L. trībulāre), tyrnan (to turn; L. tornāre), and crisp (L. crispus, 'curly'). But enough has been said to indicate the extent and variety of the borrowings from Latin in the early days of Christianity in England and to show how quickly the language reflected the broadened horizon that the English people owed to the church.

　B&C読書会の過去回については「#5291. heldio の「英語史の古典的名著 Baugh and Cable を読む」シリーズが順調に進んでいます」 ([2023-10-22-1]) をご覧ください．B&C 全体でみれば，まだまだこの超精読シリーズも序盤といってよいです．今後もゆっくりペースで続けていくつもりです．ぜひ皆さんも本書を入手し，超精読にお付き合いください．

　・ Baugh, Albert C. and Thomas Cable. A History of the English Language. 6th ed. London: Routledge, 2013.

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