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μͭץåȥե mond ˤơʱѸ she Ǽ봷˴ؤ˲ޤ̤ˡѸˤ̾̾εͲϡѸ˥եƥʸˡʤӤտ魯ʸŪˤαƶ夷ΤȹͤޤűѸʸˡľܷѾ줿櫓ǤϤʤʸˡˡνŪȤƺƹۤ줿ָդפǤȤǤ
Ǥϡ̾ƥ -ia ʽ̾ˤαƶǽ䤹äȤʤɤ˿ޤǡѸεŪͿμ֤ϤۤñǤϤʤäȤˤڤޤֹ̾̾˽Ϳ륱ϳΤΩޤͿޤפȽҤ٤ȤǤ
μĥκȤơMustanoja (51) εҤޤ"Trend Towards Masculine Gender" ꤹǡѸˤߤԻĤʸݤҲ𤵤Ƥޤʲ˥եǰѤޤ
TREND TOWARDS MASCULINE GENDER. --- A feature which seems to be peculiar to the ME development is a tendency of nouns to assume the masculine gender. Not very much is known about this phenomenon, except that it seems to be at work in a large number of ME nouns, native or borrowed from other languages, with concrete or abstract meanings, which tend to assume the masculine gender without any apparent reason and often in contrast to the gender of the corresponding nouns in Latin and French. The fact, for example, that earth (OE feminine) is usually treated as a masculine in ME has been assigned to this peculiar trend towards the masculine gender. This trend has also been thought to account for the occasional use of nature and youth (OE geoguþ, fem.) as masculines. As pointed out above (p. 48), church is often feminine in ME; its occasional use as a masculine noun has also been ascribed to the general tendency of nouns towards the masculine gender. Geographical names are normally neuter, but Robert of Gloucester occasionally treats them as masculines: --- Engelond his a wel god lond; . . . þe see geþ him al aboute, he stond as in an yle (3); --- þe Deneis vor wraþþe þo asailede vaste þen toun and wonne him (RGlouc. 6050; a number of MSS read þe toun and hit). Examples of this kind could be multiplied many times over. It is possible that in several cases of this kind the masculine gender will be satisfactorily explained in some other way when enough evidence has accumulated to clarify its development; yet even if this should happen it can hardly be denied that a tendency towards the masculine gender exists in ME.
Mustanoja ˤСѸˤ̾̾ȤưȼηäȤȤǤθݤξܺ٤ϤޤƤʤ褦Ǥ줫Ѹ줫뤤϶Ụ̄Ụ̄˴ؤ餺¿̾ˤơΤͳʤ㤬ȤΤǤ⡤бƥե̾줬Ǥ䡤űѸǽǤäǤ⡤ѸǤȤư뤳ȤȤ顤츫ȥƤ뤫Τ褦˻פޤ
Mustanoja ϡλΤĤϾṲ̄ͳĤ⤷ʤȿŤ˽Ҥ٤ʤ⡤Ѹˡؤηפ¸ߤȼΤꤷȷǤޤ
鼨ΤϡѸˤƤʸˡȡ³䵼ˡؤΰܹԴˤơͿϰճɤưƤ褦ȤȤǤ
ѸˤǤϡ㳰Ȥդ줬ʻˤѲΥʥߥǤ뤳Ȥޤ she ǼȤ̾ʻǡ̤Τ⤷㤬ҤäȱƤȤȤõƤƤ褤Ǥ͡
Mustanoja, T. F. A Middle English Syntax. Helsinki: Société Néophilologique, 1960. 88--92.
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