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2013-04-03 Wed

#1437. űѸ˼Ѥ줿ƥ [loan_word][latin][oe][christianity][borrowing]

ѸˤˤƥѤˤĤƤϡlatin loan_word δ¿εǼ夲ƤűѸΥƥѤˤĤƤϡ#32. űѸ˼Ѥ줿ƥ ([2009-05-30-1]) Ǵñʻ̤ʬ˿졤Ĥ󤲤ˤʤΤǡϤ⤦󤲤Ƥߤ
Crystal (59--65) ǤϡűѸΥƥѤSerjeantson (Appendix A) ˤä (1) Φ塤(2) c. 450--c. 650, (3) c. 650--c. 1100 Ȼ̤3ʬƤ롥ʲˡ줾λɽ򤤤Ĥ󤲤褦

(1) Φ
belt (belt) < L balteus
butere (butter) < L butyrum
camp (field, battle) < L campus
candel (candle) < L candela
catt (cat) < L cattus
ceaster (city) < L castra
cetel (kettle) < L catillus
cupp (cup) < L cuppa
cycene (kitchen) < L coquina
cyse (cheese) < L caseus
draca (dragon) < L draco
mæsse (mass) < L missa
mil (mile) < L mille
minte (mint) < L menta
munuc (monk) < L monachus
mynster (minster) < L monasterium
panne (pan) < L panna
piper (pepper) < L piper
pise (pea) < L pisum
plante (plant) < L planta
port (door, gate) < L porta
port (harbour, town) < L portus
pund (pound) < L pondo
sacc (sack, bag) < L saccus
sinoð (council, synod) < L synodus
stræt (road) < L strata
tigle (tile) < L tegula
weall (wall) < L vallum
win (wine) < L vinum
ynce (inch) < L uncia

(2) c. 450--c. 650
cocc (cock) < L coccus
cugle (cowl) < L cuculla
cyrtan (to shorten, curtail) < L curtus
forca (fork) < L furca
fossere (spade) < L fossorium
græf (stylus) < L graphium
læden (Latin) < L ladinus (Vulgar Latin)
leahtric (lettuce) < L lactuca
mægester (master) < L magister
nunne (nun) < L nonna
pere (pear) < L pirum
pinsian (to reflect, consider) < L pensare
punt (punt, flat boat) < L ponto
relic (relic) < L reliquia
renge (spider) < L aranea
seglian (to seal) < L sigillare
segn (mark, sign) < L signum
stropp (strap) < L stroppus
torr (tower) < L turris
turl (ladle, trowel) < L trulla

(3) c. 650--c. 1100
alter (altar) < L altar
biblioþece (library) < L bibliotheca
cancer (crab) < L cancer
creda (creed, belief) < L credo
cucumer (cucumber) < L cucumer
culpe (guilt, fault) < L culpa
diacon (deacon) < L diaconus
fenester (window) < L fenestra
fers (verse) < L versus
grammatic (grammar) < L grammatica
mamma (breast) < L mamma
notere (notary) < L notarius
offrian (sacrifice, offer) < L offere
orgel (organ) < L organum
papa (pope) < L papa
philosoph (philosopher) < L philosophus
predician (preach) < L praedicare
regol (religious rule) < L regula
sabbat (sabbath) < L sabbatum
scol (school) < L scola

Serjeantson ΥꥹȤˤС(1) ˤ183졤(2) ˤ114졤(3) ˤ244줬󤬤äƤ뤬ƸλʬɬݾڤƤ餺̤˼ˤդפ롥ñΰ̣ΰˤĤưŪˤС(1) ޤ̣ΰʤäƤ뤬(2) ǤϽŪʿ̤Ϥᡤ(3) ǤϽ˲äؼ򴶤ñ줬¿ꥹȶˡƥѸμѲȤ򸫤Ƽ뤳ȤǤ롥Ѥ޲˴ؤƤ⡤(1) (2) ϼȤäդä(3) ϼȤƽ񤭸դ̤ήꤵ롥
嵭ΥꥹȤǤϡ˸ѸޤǻĤäƥѸ󤲤Ƥ뤬ºݤˤϸѸˤޤĤʤäΤ¿ɸѸ˻ĤäƤΤϡ100줯餤ΤΤǤ롥¿˻ȤʤäطʤˤϡѸƱΥե󥹼Ѹ줬ήȤ𤬤롥ƳʹΤ褤ե󥹸줬Ťᤫƥ˼ääΤǤ롥ޤǻĤäƤƥѸ¿ϡäƱ餤Ф˱Ѹä˺դƤ롥
ʤűѸƱΥƥñ줬2ټѤ줿⤢ΤǡƤL calicem "cup" ΰ̣Ǻǽ celc Ȥơ calic ȤƸűѸ˼Ѥ줿Ʊͤ󤲤롥

cliroc, cleric (cleric, clergyman) < L clericus
læden, latin (Latin) < L latinus
leahtric, lactuca (lettuce) < L lactuca
minte, menta (mint) < L menta
spynge, sponge (sponge) < L spongea

Crystal, David. The Stories of English. London: Penguin, 2005.
Serjeantson, Mary S. A History of Foreign Words in English. London: Routledge and Kegan Paul, 1935.

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