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2015-08-22 Sat

#2308. Ʒϼºߤݤ (3) [reconstruction][comparative_linguistics]

#862. Ʒϼºߤݤ (1) ([2011-09-06-1])#863. Ʒϼºߤݤ (2) ([2011-09-07-1])#2120. ƷϵǤ ([2015-02-15-1]) Ǽ夲ƤƤӡŪ˺Ʒ줿֤ºߤΤȤߤ realist ȡ黻Ȥߤʤ formulist δ֤Ƿ깭ƤůŪϡ餯褵뤳ȤϤʤȻפ롥
ӸؼԤȤϤ줾ȸäƤ˰㤤ʤƻȤǤϤʤΤΡ̤ξΩäƻŻ򤷤Ƥ¿Ρˡ˸ؼԤϡˤĤơɤΤ褦򤷤ƤΤ󥱡Ȥä櫓ǤϤʤŪˤСȤʤ realist ȤäȤŶƤꡤů˼ͤùޤʤȤΤȾǤϤʤΤ褦ʤȤפäƤޤˡMallory and Adams λ褦ɾߤĤΤǡҲ𤷤Ƥ

There are those who argue that we are not really engaged in 'reconstructing' a past language but rather creating abstract formulas that describe the systematic relationship between sounds in the daughter languages. Others argue that our reconstructions are vague approximations of the proto-language; they can never be exact because the proto-language itself should have had different dialects (yet we reconstruct only single proto-forms) and our reconstructions are not set to any specific time. Finally, there are those who have expressed some statistical confidence in the method of reconstruction. Robert Hall, for example, claimed that when examining a test control case, reconstructing proto-Romance from the Romance languages (and obviously knowing beforehand what its ancestor, Latin, looked like), he could reconstruct the phonology at 95 per cent confidence, and the grammar at 80 per cent. Obviously, with the much greater time depth of Proto-Indo-European, we might well wonder how much our confidence is likely to decrease. Most historical linguists today would probably argue that reconstruction results in approximations. A time traveller, armed with this book and seeking to make him- or herself understood would probably engender frequent moments of puzzlement, not a little laughter, but occasional instances of lucidity.


Фºߤȸڤ뺬ϤʤȤäƤäŪ˺ƷΤºߤŪʵȤߤʤΤ⡤ҤͤƤ뵤롥ȤȤǡΰոȤƤϡŪʼº߷Ȥ򤷤ƤΤȤȤ夯ΤȻפ롥ŪȤäƤ⡤ɤ٤ζʤΤۣǤ롥ǡΰѤ̾εäƤ Robert Hall ޥ󥹽ȥƥΥߥ졼ǽФ̤̣95%ʸˡ80%ο٤äơֺƷפǤȤ
Τ褦ʿͤϡ褹Ȥϡष̤߽ФΤǤϤ뤬ǤȾƤֲȤʤŪ realפȤݤФơҴŪ١ʤ1ˤ򼨤ƤƤɾ٤ƷϽ formula ǤϤʤ٤ real 餷Ƥ褤ȹͤ뺬ͿƤ롥

Mallory, J. P. and D. Q. Adams. The Oxford Introduction to Proto-Indo-European and the Proto-Indo-European World. Oxford: OUP, 2006.

Referrer (Inside): [2021-04-24-1]

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