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2020-03-18 Wed

#3978. ̤Ƥ٤2Ĥ "Old Norse" [old_norse][terminology][germanic][variety]

ѸˤˤơָťΥɸפ뤤 "Old Norse" (old_norse) Ȥ̾ȤȤդʤФʤʤΤϡ̾2ĤΰۤʤؼоݤȤȤ
1Ĥϡ̥ޥ췲Τ¸ǸŤλȤƤθťɸ12ʹߡˤƱ췲ɽȤƻؤˡ⤦1ĤϡȤ櫓Ѹ˸ʸ̮ˤơ8ȾФ11ˤƱѸȤ륢󥰥ͤ쥤󥰥ɤܿ󥰤ؤˡǤ롥
2ĤλؼоݤϡޤäƻʤȤ1ʾۤʤ롥ޤŪˤԤϥɡԤ̥ޥ췲Τʤξ롼פˤޤΤΡ§Ȥƥ󥸥ʥӥȾǤ롥OED οǤǤϤѸκ򤱤뤿ˡԤʸȤǡ˶Ū "Old Icelandic" ȡԤʸʤȤǡˤŪ "early Scandinavian" ȸƤʬƤ褦θ̩ʻȤʬϳΤΤפѸˤʤΤǡʸ̮ΤǤС⤳ޤ̤ "Old Norse" ȸƤǤƤ⺹٤Ϥʤ̤ռƤɬפϤ
Durkin (175) Ū˻ŦƤ伫ȤϤޤ2Ĥ "Old Norse" ΤȤ̤ƤȻפŪ˶̤٤ȤʹƥϥäȤ

One important, albeit slightly arcane, initial question concerns terminology. Traditionally, the term 'Old Norse' has been used to denote two different things: (i) the language of the earliest substantial documents in any Scandinavian language, namely the rich literature largely preserved in Icelandic manuscripts dating from the twelfth century and (mostly) later; and (ii) the language that was in contact with English in the British Isles. In fact this is somewhat misleading, since English was in contact with the ancestor varieties of both West Norse (Norwegian and Icelandic) and East Norse (Danish and Swedish), but at a time earlier than our earliest substantial surviving documents for any of the Scandinavian languages, and at a time when the differences between West and East Norse were still very slight. Thus it is only rarely that English words can be attributed to either West or East Norse influence with any confidence. In this book I follow the terminology used in the new edition of the OED, using 'early Scandinavian' as a catch-all for the early West Norse and East Norse varieties which were in contact with English, and distinguishing this from 'Old Icelandic' denoting the language of the early Icelandic texts, and from 'Old Norwegian', 'Old Danish', 'Old Swedish' denoting the oldest literary records of each of these languages.


̾ȤΤϤȤ˥ȥåǡդƤʤФʤʤ롥Ϣơ#3558. ȸ̾ε ([2019-01-23-1])#864. Ʒ줿̾ ([2011-09-08-1]) ʤɤ⻲ȡ

Durkin, Philip. Borrowed Words: A History of Loanwords in English. Oxford: OUP, 2014.

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