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ε ([2020-03-30-1]) ˰³ɸˤĤƤˤΤܤäƤߤޤ礦ƤޤȤСѸβˡ˿;ѲʤΤϡεȤʤűѸ³ˡǤľˡ٤п;ѲǤꡤεʿ;ѲѸˤ -n ξüˤ꼺Ƥޤä顤ȤȤˤʤޤǤ⤦Ƨ߹䤦Ƥߤޤ礦űѸȤʳˤƤľˡ٤³ˡο;ѲäȤΤϡäɤͳˤΤǤ礦
űѸƱ²ΥޥɤθŤߤƤߤޤȡ³ˡˤľˡƱͤʣʿ;ѲäȤ狼ޤѸ to bear Ϣʤư³ˡߤο;ѲɽʥޥˤLass (173) ȤȤ˰Ѥޤ礦Go ϥȸ졤OE ϸűѸ졤OIc ϸťɸؤޤ
(iii) Present subjunctive. The Germanic subjunctive descends mainly from the old IE optative; typical paradigms:
(7.24)
Go OE OIc sg 1 baír-a-i ber-e ber-a 2 baír-ai-s " ber-er 3 baír-ai " ber-e pl 1 baír-ai-ma ber-en ber-em 2 baírai-þ " ber-eþ 3 baír-ai-na " ber-e
The basic IE thematic optative marker was */-oi-/, which > Gmc */-ɑi-/ as usual; this is still clearly visible in Gothic. The other dialects show the expected developments of this diphthong and following consonants in weak syllables . . . , except for the OE plural, where the -n is extended from the third person, as in the indicative. . . .
. . . .
(iv) Preterite subjunctive. Here the PRET2 grade is extended to all numbers and persons; thus a form like OE bǣr-e is ambiguous between pret ind 2 sg and all persons subj sg. The thematic element is an IE optative marker */-i:-/, which was reduced to /e/ in OE and OIc before it could cause i-umlaut (but remains as short /i/ in OS, OHG).
鼨ΤϡŤޥǤ³ˡǤľˡƱ褦˴ʿ;Ѳꡤɽ6åȤΤˤȼθäƤȤȤǤŪ˸Ť褯ĤƤȤ뺸Υȸ줬ŵȤʤޤȤűѸǤϤȤȤʣʿ;Ѳ餫λñ㲽ޤ
Ǥϡ餫λȤϲǤ礦ΰѤǤƤޤ1ĤˤϤϤ겻ѲͿƤޤűѸˤˤơȸθ˼तθ첻Ҳ˼岽üȤȤޤη̡³ˡߤñ bere ؤȼ̤ޤ³ˡߤʣϡ3;Τθ˴ޤޤƤ n ʥȸθ baír-ai-na ȡˤ (analogy) ˤä12;Τؤ礷 beren ȤѤʣޤޤ嵭ϡʶѲưΡ³ˡߤˤĤƤǤ³ˡǤ褦ѤޤѲư⤪褽Ʊ褦ʲɤޤ (Lass 177) ̤ȤơűѸǤΤȤƿ;Ѳ³ˡηϤǤäΤǤ
Lass, Roger. Old English: A Historical Linguistic Companion. Cambridge: CUP, 1994.
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