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#5702. űѸñΰ̣Ѳ [oe][semantic_change][christianity][latin][metaphor][semantic_borrowing][contact]

θˤƤ⡤ạ̈Ѳ (semantic_change) ϤƤդ줿פθѲǤꡤ˵äƤ롥ΤȤϡ#1955. ̣ѲΰŪ ([2014-09-03-1]) Ǥ̤Ǥ롥űѸñˤ⡤¿ΰ̣ѲäƤȤ
󤢤äǤűѸñΰ̣ѲʸŪʸڤǤ뤫ɤǤ롥⤽űѸθ¸Ͼʤᡤñΰ̣ѲűѸ˵äΤɤΤΤ˽ʬʾʤȤ¿ޤ̣ѲΤ˵äȸ뤿ˤϡѲѲθγơνŵȤʤƥȤŪ夷Ƥ뤳ȤθǤʤФʤʤˤϥƥǯǯᤰ꤬ĤޤȤ
Τ褦ʻǸűѸñΰ̣ѲˤϺΤǤ⤢ٸ뤳ȤϤ롥󥰥ŵ "semantic change" ι (p. 415) ϢսѤ롥

One area of vocabulary in which semantic change clearly took place during the Old English period is religious terminology. God 'God', heofon 'heaven', and helle 'hell', for example, necessarily adopted new meanings when they were applied to Christian rather than pagan concepts. Semantic change can also take the form of the development of a metaphorical meaning. In Old English this sometimes took place under the influence of Latin. Examples include tunge 'tongue', which was extended to mean 'language', possibly modelled on Latin lingua, and wit(e)ga 'wise man', used for 'prophet', perhaps influenced by Latin propheta. After the establishment of the Danelaw, OE terms also underwent semantic development under the influence of their Old Norse cognates. Modern English bloom 'flower' takes its form from either Old English bloma 'ingot of iron' or Old Norse blom 'flower', but its sense is clearly from Old Norse. In Old English, plog (ModE plough) was used for the measure of land which a yoke of oxen could plough in a day; its use with reference to an agricultural implement developed under the influence of Old Norse plogr. Similarly, Old English eorl 'man, warrior' (ModE earl) developed the sense 'chief, ruler of a shire' under the influence of Old Norse jarl.


ƥΥꥹȶѸαƶˤ̣ѲťΥɸбαƶˤ̣Ѳ夲Ƥ뤬˸ؤǤ̣ (semantic_borrowing) ȤƸڤ뤳Ȥ¿פΤΤǤ롥¾ˤñΰ̣ʬäƤꡤĸܿλʤɤǤСΤ褦ʰ̣ѲεǽˤʤȤȤ˸ؤʸؤˡΥȥԥåȤƤ⤪⤷

Lapidge, Michael, John Blair, Simon Keynes, and Donald Scragg, eds. The Blackwell Encyclopaedia of Anglo-Saxon England. Malden, MA: Blackwell, 1999.

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