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first and foremost ֤ΰ֤ˡˡפȤե졼롥f ƬƧǤꡤ嶯Υꥺ⿴Ϥ褯ΧŪˤ褯äOED ˤȡ14Ⱦ Langland ˤ Piers Plowman ˽ФƤ롥
c1400 (c1378) Þat she furste & formest ferme shulde bilieue. (W. Langland, Piers Plowman (MS Laud 581) (1869) B. xix. l. 116 [Composed c1378]
first foremost פ̣캬 */pr-/ ޤǤ뤬դƤۤʤ롥first ϺǾ -est foremost Ϥޤ̤κǾ -most Ƥ롥ԤϡǾ most Ʊ֤Ƥ뤬ϰۤʤꡤ-m -ost ʬ롥-m ϰĸˤޤ̤ǾǤꡤ-ost ϾҤκǾ -est ΰ۷ȸäƤĤޤꡤforemost ϡ2źǾפȤäƤ褤ƤΤ
űѸǤϡ-m Τߤ forma ְ֤Ρפΰ̣ǺǤ褯Ѥ줿ۤ fyr(e)st ⤢ä2źǾ fyrmesta ʤɤѤ줿ǸΤΤϡѸˤʤ most ΰ۷ȤդƤΤȲᤵ褦ˤʤꡤŪˤ⤽˰Ĥ -most Ȥʤäη̤ foremost Ǥ롥
ɸΥե졼ˤϡ -st, -m, -ost, -most 4ĤŪʺǾޤŤʤäƶ¸ƤȤΤ
űѸλˤĤƤϡʲ Lass (214) ΰѤȡ
1st. Go fruma, OE forma. This is from a base */pr-/ meaning 'before', plus the superlative suffix */-mo-/ (§8.4.2 above), i.e. it has precisely the sense 'foremost'. Similar forms occur in other IE dialects, e.g. Gr prá-mo-s, Li pìr-ma-s. There is an alternative type with the superlative */-istα-/, e.g. OE fyrst < */fur-ist-/, which of course comes down as ModE first, OIc fyrst-r.
Lass, Roger. Old English: A Historical Linguistic Companion. Cambridge: CUP, 1994.
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