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2011-01-14 Fri

#627. 2Ѽ֤̻ӤˤäŪۤ෿ [language_change][speed_of_change][corpus][brown][ame_bre]

[2010-06-29-1]εǤߤ褦ˡThe Brown family of corpora 4ѥ ( Brown, Frown, LOB, F-LOB ) Ѥ뤳ȤˤäƱѸαѼ֤30ǯ֤ۤɤ̻Ѳ٤뤳ȤǤ롥Τ褦˿ꤹ­Ӳǽ򼨤ʣΥѥѤ̻ "diachronic comparative corpus linguistics" (Leech et al. 24) ȸƤФƤꡤߤ30ǯۤɤδֳ֤򤢤ѼΥѥ̤ξظäԻƤ椯ΤȻפ롥
ϰѼǯȤ2ĤΥѥ᡼ˤäܤ٤κˤĤơŪʲʣꤦ롥Brown family ξˤϤɤΤ褦ʲ᤬뤫Mair (109--12) Ƥ2Ѽ֤̻ӤˤäŪۡʤ̵ͭˤ෿ ( "typology of contrasts" ) Ѥǰʲ˼"=" Ѳνȯ"+/-" ѲȤ򼨤

(1) nothing happening
BrE: = =
AmE: = =

(2) stable regional contrast
BrE: = =
AmE: +/- +/-

(3) parallel diachronic development
BrE: = +/-
AmE: = +/-

(4) convergence: Americanization
BrE: +/- =
AmE: = =

(5) convergence: 'Britishization'
BrE: = =
AmE: +/- =

(6) incipient divergence: British English innovating
BrE: = +/-
AmE: = =

(7) incipient divergence: American English innovating
BrE: = =
AmE: = +/-

(8) random fluctuation
BrE: = +/-
AmE: +/- +/-

(1), (8) ϺǤ¿ѻԤδؿʤʿޤʥפκۡʤηǡˤǤ롥(2) ϳΩ줿ưαƺ㤨 <honour> vs. <honor> ֻ got vs. gotten λѤȤʤ롥(3) Mair Ǥϵ󤲤Ƥʤ(4) Americanization λ㡤㤨 help 褦ˤʤäƤƤ뷹פ⤫٤뤳ȤǤʤ BrE ǤΤηϤ٤Ƥ Americanization ˵Ȥ櫓ǤϤʤˡ(5) ˤޤ 'Britishization' Ǥ롥㤨 AmE Ǥνưɽ have got to ι BrE ˸ƤǽȵƤ롥(6) ϡBrE prevent "O + from + V-ing" ǤϤʤ "O + V-ing" 򹥤򤹤褦ˤʤФƤ뷹˵󤲤롥(7) ϡAmE begin to Ǥʤ V-ing ٤ޤФƤ뷹Ȥʤ롥
ŪˤϡѲ®٤θʤФʤʤ㤨 (3) Τ褦ξѼƱ̻ѲƤǤ⡤Ѽ֤Ѳ®٤˺з̤ȤʿԤˤϤʤʤ嵭෿®٤Ȥȡ˺٤ʬɬפˤʤϤǤ롥Τ褦ʣʲϻĤäƤ뤬2Ѽ2Ӥ "diachronic comparative corpus linguistics" ŪȤơ嵭 "typology of contrasts" ͭѤ󡤤ΥݥϡBrE AmE ˤ30ǯۤɤȤû֤̻ѲǤʤʹߤξѼ̻Ūȯã򵭽ҤǥȤƤͭǤ롥ϡ[2010-10-09-1]εǰäѸ convergence divergence ˤŬѤǤȻפ롥

Leech, Geoffrey, Marianne Hundt, Christian Mair, and Nicholas Smith. Change in Contemporary English: A Grammatical Study. Cambridge: CUP, 2009.
Mair, Christian. Three Changing Patterns of Verb Complementation in Late Modern English: A Real-Time Study Based on Matching Text Corpora." English Language and Linguistics'' 6 (2002): 105--31.

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