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2012-04-30 Mon

#1099. Ҥηƻɾηƻ [adjective][loan_word][lexicology][lexical_stratification]

[2011-12-21-1]ε#968. Ѹˤե󥹼ѸμŪƻפǿ줿褦ˡƻ̣ξ礭ʬȡɾɽ魯 qualitative adjective (QA) ȴط򼨤 relational adjective (RA) Ȥ̤롥QA RA ΰ̣֡ˤħΰ㤤ˤⶽ̣äʾ˸줫Ѹ줫ˤȤδطˤʤäƤȤΤϡ#334. Ѹäλع¤ ([2010-03-27-1]) 䤽¾ع¤εǸڤƤ̤ꡤɾŪŪǡGreco-Latin ϡ˼ѸϵŪҴŪǤΤѸäŵȤƤ뤫ƻϤζ̤Ȥ櫓ɽФ䤹Ǥ褦˻פ롥
˴Ϣ Farsi ʸɤǤߤFarsi ϡQA RA ȤѸ줳ȤäƤʤ"descriptive adjective" Ȥ Class A "evaluative adjective" Ȥ Class B ζʬߤˡξʤΤˤξθȸˡˤ Class C ߤơѸηƻ䤫ʬष򤷤䤹Ϥꡤƻ˴Ϣ˼ͿɾClass A, B, C 򼨤

Class AClass BClass C
affectiveaffectionateacademic
appositiveappositeaesthetic
behaviouralmannerlyAmerican
bibliographicbookishartistic
cardiacheartyBritish
causaleffectualChristian
ceremonialceremoniouscinematic
commemorativememorablecivil
conceptualthoughtfulconstitutional
connectivecoherentconventional
consonantalconsonantcritical
continentalcontinentdemonstrative
correctivecorrectdiplomatic
culturalcultureddramatic
deductiveseductiveemotional
dentaltoothsomeEnglish
devotionaldevoutethical
doctrinaldocileformal
durativedurableFrench
electiveeligiblegrammatical
entrepreneurialenterprisinghistorical
evaluativevalidhuman
experientialexperiencedlegal
factualaccurateliterary
fiduciaryfaithfullogical
financiallucrativeMarxian
genealogicalgenteelmoral
generativedegeneratemusical
genericgenerousparliamentary
governmentalrulyphilosophical
gustatorytastefulpoetic
inflexionalflexibleprofessional
interrogativeinquisitiverational
intonationaltunefulreligious
juridicaljustroyal
legislativelegitimatesanitary
manualhandyscientific
mentalsanesocial
methodologicalmethodicalspiritual
modalmodishtheatrical
morphologicalshapely
nutritionalnutritious
observationalobservant
olfactorysavoury
opticalsightly
ostensiveostentatious
palatalpalatable
pecuniarypecunious
pedagogicpedantic
penitentialpenitent
perceptualperceptive
pictorialpicturesque
residentialhomely
retributiverewarding
semanticsignificant
sensorysensitive
sociologicalsociable
stylisticstylish
supervisorywatchful
syntacticorderly
tactiletactful
temporaltimely
theologicalgodly
urbanurbane
verbalverbose
verificatoryveracious
visualconspicuous
vocalicequivocal
vocativeprovocative
volitionalwilling


Class A B ˤϡ̣Ū뤤ϸ츻Ū˴Ϣ줬ڥ¤Ǥ롥Class A ϵŪҴŪClass B ɾŪŪǤ뤳Ȥ褯狼Class C ϡClass A, B ȤΩƻΥꥹȤǤꡤˡ˱ Class A Τ褦˵Ụ̄ӤӤ뤳Ȥ⤢뤷Class B Τ褦ɾỤ̄ӤӤ뤳Ȥ⤢롥
ζʬϰ̣ˤʬˤͿƤ (51) ܼĤˤϡŵŪˡClass A non- Class B un-, in-, dis- Ȥ롥Class A very ǽʤClass B Ͻ롥ƻ줬³ȤˤϡClass A ηƻ Class A 뤤 Class C ηƻȤ³줺Class B ηƻ Class B 뤤 Class C ηƻȤ³ʤʣηƻ줬¤̾򽤾 all the ten fine old stone houses Τ褦ʾ硤Class A ƻ stone ΰ֤ˡClass B fine ΰ֤֤롥
κǸ˿줿Ūϡ2ˤƶ̣1ܤϡClass A ƻ줬stone Τ褦ʽȤƤ̾Ʊ֤ȤȤǤ롥ϡClass A ƻ줬 Class B ƻ̾˶ᤤäƤȤȤ򼨺롥2ܤϡClass A Class B ξʸˤ Class C ηƻϡƻνˤ2Ĥΰۤʤ֤ǤȤ¤Ǥ롥a not very Christian Christian priest, Milton's hardly dramatic dramatic poems, the lady novelist's far from historical historical romances, Eliot's not invariably poetic poetic drama, a highly professional professional writer ʤɤ㤬 (56)
Class A B ζʬϡΤ褦䤫˸롥Class C Τ褦Ūʷƻ줬¿¸ߤ뤳ȤϡζʬɬȤƤʤȤʪ롥ޤηƻȥ饹ȤбƤ¤ϤʤȤȤˤդĤޤꡤζʬ overt ǤϤʤ covert ʶʬǤ (56)
ʸκǸǤϡζʬ˴ŤƻοϪ롥

A word which can occupy the position between an article and a noun and the position after a linking verb and which cannot be transposed with the noun it modifies is an adjective if it contains a typical adjective-forming suffix or takes the comparative and superlative suffixes or adds the suffix -ly to form an adverb.


ǤϡζʬΤ̻Ū implication ϲȤδطϤɤʤäƤ뤫εǹͤ롥

Farsi, A. A. "Classification of Adjectives." Language Learning 18 (1968): 45--60.

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