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2012-04-20 Fri

#1089. ȸ; [information_theory][linguistics][redundancy][entropy][history_of_linguistics]

(information theory) ȯãŪʳظؤϤ̤͡ʷǵƤȼꡤɲꡤͽ¬ǽ (predictability) ꡤƲθħ1ĤǤ; (redundancy) ˤĤơؤؤ٤뤳Ȥ¿
ȿ͹ƬǾ (cybernetics) δ Shannon and Weaver ˤäƸǤޤäȤ졤ϸػˤˤƤͭյʰ֤Ƥʥåpp. 164--71ˡϹ٤˿ŪǤꡤ̤θؼԤɤǡ̤ؤشԸȤȤϻζȤΤ褦Τ褦ʾˤϡؼԤˤɾΩġꥫθؼ Hockett ν񤤤Ƥӥ塼ɤǤߤ
Shannon and Weaver ΤʤΤ顤Υӥ塼⤢٤Ȥʤ餶򤨤ʤɾԤ Hockett ιͤؤرѤǽˤĤƤʬǤϡؤȤƤ˹٤ƤȤʤäƤ롥ɾǤȤϸ񤤤;ӥȥԡ (entropy) ˤĤƤεϤ褯Ǥ
Hockett ϤؤޤʻǤȤʤ⡤ȯäβŪʾ̤ȲŪʾ̤1:1000ۤɤγꡤ˲Ūñ̤Τߤջ̤Բķñ̤ȤߤʤΤǤС첻;99.9%ˤΤܤȤƤ (85) Ǥȥԡ (entropy) ϡ"1 - redundancy" Τǡ첻Υȥԡ0.1%Ǥ롥ϡ򤹤Ψ̤θ򤹤ͽ¬ǽι⤤ξηϤȤȤǤ
ʪŪãݤˤϡ¿쾯ʤɬ (noise) ޤޤƤޤäơãտޤ줿̤˿Ԥ뤿ˤϡˤƶѤΰɬפȤʤ롥ˤȤäơ;ΰǤ롥Hockett ۩"channel noise is never completely eliminable, and redundancy is the weapon with which it can be combatted" (75) Τ褦˹ͤȡ첻;99.9%ʤ뤤Ϥ˶⤤͡ˤϡ˸줬Ť˻кܤ줿߷פξηϤǤ뤫򼨤ɸȤ

The high linguistically relevant redundancy of the speech signal can be interpreted not as a sign of low efficiency, but as an indication of tremendous flexibility of the system to accommodate to the widest imaginable variety of noise conditions. (Hockett 85)


Ω줫顤ä;Ȥ򸫻ϤȡϸΤ¦̤˴ؤäƤǤȤȤ狼äƤ롥;ˤĤơεǾܤ뤳Ȥˤ롥

ߥ륫å Ρ ͺ ظؤή١ߤ˼1974ǯ
Hockett, Charles F. "Review of The Mathematical Theory of Communication by Claude L. Shannon; Warren Weaver." Language 29.1 (1953): 69--93.
Shannon, Claude L. and Warren Weaver. The Mathematical Theory of Communication. Urbana: U of Illinois P, 1949.

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