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2012-07-26 Thu

#1186. The Uniformitarian Principle (2) [methodology][uniformitarian_principle]

[2010-11-04-1]εǡؤˡȤƤΡ#556. The Uniformitarian PrincipleפҲ𤷤ưθ§뤳θϡϡϼؤʬˤ̿Ūȯۤä18ޤǤϼؤʳŪŪʤΤǤꡤ˴ŤƥΥιɽŷϰۤܤȤϼ (catastrophism) ˻ۤƤФơåȥɿ James Hutton (1726--97) 1795ǯ Theory of the Earth ˤơϼݤϡߤϼݤʹԤƤΤƱˡ§ΤȤǿʹԤȤͤȯɽϼݤϸߤμݤտѻˤäΤ뤳ȤǤ롤ߤΤ뤳ȤϲΤ뤳ȤؤθǤ롤ȼĥϼѤϡޤǤŷϰ֤ʳŪϼؤ𤲤ΤȤʤäϵ鷺6ǯۤɤȸƤ˴ŤϼѤžȤϡŷʸؤˤ Copernicus, Kepler, Galileo ʤɤζӤӤʳػ˾γ̿ȸäƤ褤
Ʊåȥɿͤ Sir Charles Lyell (1797--1875) ϡPrinciples of Geology (1830--33) ˤơHutton ưڤ˹׸Lyell ϡϼݤĹʻ֤ηвǴ˹Ԥ뤳ȡƤβϰͤǤ뤳ȤŻ뤷ᡤưϤФ⡤ư⡤߼ʤɤȸƤФ뤳ȤˤʤäιͤϡCharles Darwin (1809--82) οʲˤפʼͿʳ̤ˤƶͿơˡȤơŪˤѤ뤳Ȥˤʤä
˸ؤˤưˤĤơCampbell and Mixco (213) ˤǤ褦

uniformitarianism, Uniformitarian Principle A fundamental principle of biological, geological and linguistic sciences, which holds for linguistics that things about language that are possible today were not impossible in the past and that things that are impossible today were not possible in the past. This means that whatever is known to occur in languages today would also have been possible in earlier human languages and anything not possible in contemporary languages was equally impossible in the past, in the earlier history of any language. The Uniformitarian Principle came to linguistics from Charles Lyell's formulation of it in geology. It is valuable for reconstruction via the comparative method, where, according to the principle, nothing in reconstruction can be assumed to have been a property of some proto-language if it is not possible in known languages. (213)


Campbell, Lyle and Mauricio J. Mixco, eds. A Glossary of Historical Linguistics. Salt Lake City: U of Utah P, 2007.

Referrer (Inside): [2013-09-01-1] [2012-07-28-1]

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