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[2012-01-06-1]ε#984. flat adverb ϥƥϤηƻ줬ƻפǡٹ (127) νҤ٤Ƥ֥ƥϤηƻ줬ѤȤʤפɤٻ¤ʤΤȤռäФ餯ƤȤ Schmitt and Marsden (57) ˼Τ褦ʵҤĤ
Most adverbs of manner in Modern English have the suffix -ly. This derives from Old English lice (meaning "like"), which went through several changes before it was eventually reduced to -ly. Many adverbs in Modern English derive directly from their Old English versions: boldly, deeply, fully, openly, rightly. Others come from the great period of adverb formation in English in the later 16th century, when many adjectives were simply converted to adverbs with zero inflection. These included many so-called "booster" adverbs, such as ample, extreme, detestable, dreadful, exceeding, grievous, intolerable, terrible, and vehement. But others were supplied with -ly from the start (horribly, terribly, violently), and use of the inflection gradually gained ground. During the 18th century, the pressure for normalization ensured that the suffix became the rule. We still use this suffix regularly today to make new adverbs from adjectives.
Ĥޤꡤ16Ⱦˡƻ줫饼ñ (flat_adverb) 礷äȤŦǤ롥ٹθڤѸǰƬˤƤ褦ʤΤǡSchmitt and Marsden Ʊλ¤ˤĤƸäƤȸƤ褤ƥϤηƻȤƤʤ˵Ƥ9Τ dreadful 8ޤǤʥեͳޤ˥ƥϼѸǤ롥
ܤϤ¿̤Ĵפ뤬-ly ñȯŸγάϼΤ褦ˤʤűѸȯãƤ -ly ѸˤʤäʤűѸ̤ -e üȤˤñλѤ⡤Ѹˤ˿ꤨ뤳ȤϤʤäषѸˤϡƥϼѸˤ岡⤢ꡤñμϰŪ礷ñˤϡˤ³Ū connotation ޤȤĤƤ褦ǡ18˵ϼŪʸˡѤƬ˵ڤӡʸȤߤʤ褦ˤʤäθ塤-ly ŪͥȤʤꡤߤ˻äƤ롥
ʤ -ly ˴ؤˤĤƤϡܥ֥Ǥ -ly suffix adverb γƵǼ夲ƤΤǡȤ줿
ٹ ﵭرʸˡ3ǡʸƲ1926ǯ
Schmitt, Norbert, and Richard Marsden. Why Is English Like That? Ann Arbor, Mich.: U of Michigan P, 2006.
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