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2012-12-04 Tue

#1317. פ [isogloss][dialect][methodology][me_dialect][geography]

ʬ (isogloss) ϡθοȤǤȤäƤǤϤʤϡɤŻ뤹뤫ˤäơʬͻҤѤꤦȤȤǤ롥ޤտŪ֤Ȥˤäơ˾ʬФȤȤǤ⤢롥
ǤϡŻ뤹٤ŪȤʤ餶ʤΤ餫εҴŪʴˤäơפȽפǤʤ̤뤳ȤǤΤˡˤĤơBloomfield (341--42) ϼΤ褦ʰոҤ٤Ƥ롥

An isogloss which cuts boldly across a whole area, dividing it into two nearly equal parts, or even an isogloss which nearly marks off some block of the total area, is more significant than a petty line enclosing a localism of a few villages. . . . The great isogloss shows a feature which has spread over a large domain; this spreading is a large event, simply as a fact in the history of language, and, may reflect, moreover, some non-linguistic cultural movement of comparable strength. As a criterion of description, too, the large division is, of course, more significant than small ones; in fact, the popular classification of dialects is evidently based upon the prevalence of certain peculiarities over large parts of an area. / Furthermore, a set of isoglosses running close together in much the same direction --- a so-called bundle of isoglosses --- evidences a larger historical process and offers a more suitable basis of classification than does a single isogloss that represents, perhaps, some unimportant feature. It appears, moreover, that these two characteristics, topographic importance and bundling, often go hand in hand.


󤹤С(1) ϰ礭ʬ١(2) «ʤƤ١ȤȤˤʤ
δ༫Τ٤ޤࡥɤΤ餤СֹϰפȤߤʤΤɤΤ餤礭װʬ٤Τ˶ƤɸϤʤɤΤ餤«ǤФ褤ΤƱͤ㤨С󥰥ɤ̤礭2ʬβͤϤۤȤɤοͤǧؤǤ̾蘆˺٤ʬषƤ椯ξ硤ɤκ٤ޤǤʬȤߤʤƤ褤ҴŪ˼ɸϤʤѸˤƤ⡤2ʬǤ褤Τ뤤Ϥ줾̤ʬ4Ȥ٤ʤΤŪϤʤդϡʬѤƹͻ褦ȤƤܤŪʬۤ䤽¾طʤ򻲾ȤǡŬڤʶʬռŪ֤ȤΤष˾ޤȸΤ⤷ʤ
Ǥ⡤Bloomfield 2ĤδϡʣΤŪʽ¬ΤΩĴǤ뤳ȤǧƤ褤
Bloomfield Language 10 "DIALECT GEOGRAPHY" ϡ㤬˭٤ǡ¤ˤ褯񤱤Ƥ롥

Bloomfield, Leonard. Language. 1933. Chicago and London: U of Chicago P, 1984.

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