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2013-10-25 Fri

#1642. lexical diffusion 3ĤS [lexical_diffusion][variation][wave_theory][schedule_of_language_change]

#1550. ȾóȻްռ (3) ([2013-07-25-1]) ȡ#1569. óȻSؤȽ (2) ([2013-08-13-1]) ǤˤѲγ˴ؤóȻǥ (lexical_diffusion) ȤơóȻSΥդˤYϲؤΤȤ䤬롥Xϻ֤ɽ魯ȤȤǰʤYɽ魯ѿˤ͡ʤΤͤ롥
ޡܤˤĤƵ֤Ȥͤ褦ɤ򼨤ܤѹȸƤӡ(ITEM) ɽ롥ޤ /O/, /N/ ɽ魯Ȥ褦θѲϡŪ "(ITEM): /O/ /N/" ɽǤ뤳Ȥˤʤ롥
ơθѲꤵSΥդˤơYβǽͤƤߤ褦óȻȤ̾ޤפ⤫֤ΤϡΥդϡ1ͤüԤˤĤѲä˥褦˿ʹԤƤ椯ȤɽƤ롤ȤȤǤ롥ξ硤YѲڤӤäΤ100%Ȥ뼴Ǥꡤ֤ȤȤ¿θˤ /N/ /O/ ֤Ƥ椯ˤĤ졤YͤƤ椯ȤդɤߤȤʤ롥SϡѲ "lexical gradualness" ɽ路Ƥ롥
̤Yͤ롥üԤΤ夲θˤ /N/ /O/ ֤ƤȤȤºݤˤϤθΤ٤ƤˤĤơޤ /O/ äΤˤʤä /N/ ؤѲ櫓ǤϤʤष/O/ /N/ ΨʲΤ褦ʳŪѲƤ椭̤Ȥƿ֤äƤߤ /O/ /N/ äƤȤΤ¤

Timet1t2t3t4t5
/O/0%15%50%85%100%
/N/100%85%50%15%0%


ξ˿ /N/ ѤY˼ȡSȤʤ뤳Ȥͽۤ롥Υդɽ路ƤΤϡ"variable gradualness" ȤǤƤ٤뤫⤷ʤѲǤС"phonetic gradualness" (Lass 331) ȸƤǤ褤
̤Yͤ롥Ҥ2ĥϤ1ͤüԤǰƬ֤դ/O/ /N/ ѲäüԤο뤤ϸ춦ƱγYˤ褦ʥդ뤳ȤǤΥդǤϡѲ춦ƱΤŤƤ椯ͻҤɽ路Ƥ롥ϡ"populational gradualness" ȸƤ٤뤫⤷ʤޤüԤ°ƤΤŪʶ֤Ǥ뤫顤˰̲ơѲŪɽ魯դȤȤ館롥ޤǿʤȡȾ (wave_theory) ˤ᤯ʤäƤ롥
ۤˤYμѿβǽϤʤȤ lexical gradualness, variable gradualness, populational gradualness 3ĤŪưפꤹ뤳ȤǤ롥٤ޤȤȡ줾Υդϡ1ͤüԤθΤˤѲοʹԤͤȤ1ͤüԤ1ĤθˤѲοʹԤͤȤ춦ƱΤüԽĤˤѲŤͤȤб롥
⤷ΥդˤƤóȻμĥ褦SȤʤС3SŪ礷̤⡤ϤSȤʤŪ˸ѲγˤĤƸ줿޼줿ꤹSϡݲ줿̣ǤSȤȤ館Ƥɬפ롥Lass (331) ϡlexical gradualness variable gradualness 2ĤΤߤǰƬˤƵƤϤΤΡSݲ줿ΤǤȤλŦŪΤǤ롥

[T]he overall smooth S-curve for a change is an abstraction from (a) individual lexical curves, and (b) variable and phonetically gradual phonetic implementation along these curves. But the final historical effect is a levelling-out, so that the single-curve abstraction in fact BECOMES TRUE of the change as a whole. Thus we distinguish, in the broader historical perspective, between the change-as-a-whole and the piecemeal mechanism of its implementation.


/O/ /N/ ȤѲɽϡѲλϤޤȽΤߤ򼨤άǤ롥ºݤˤϡΤʤˡ͡ʥ٥ˤ̵в᤬ޤޤƤ롥Τʤ򤸤äѻƸѲ򤷤褦ȤΩ줬 diffusionist˷̤ȤƤѲȤ館褦ȤΩ줬 Neogrammarian ξԤΩΰ㤤ˤѲȤƵäƤ뤳Ȥ1ĤʤΤǤ롥Τ褦˹ͤСε#1641. Neogrammarian hypothesis lexical diffusion ͻ¡ ([2013-10-24-1]) ȤˤнǤ

Lass, Roger. Phonology. Cambridge: CUP, 1983.

Referrer (Inside): [2015-08-13-1]

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