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2015-02-22 Sun

#2127. Martha's Vineyard [sociolinguistics][language_change][phonetics][diphthong]

Massachusetts 쳤߲⤫ Martha's Vineyard ϡLabov μҲؤĴͭ̾Ǥ롥Labov ϡ̱ΤǿʹԤƤ2첻 [aɪ], [aʊ] [əɪ], [əʊ] ؤѲμ֤ȸõäʲ1972ǯ Labov ǾܽҤƤĴƤ⤷ Aitchison (60--67) ˽ä󤹤롥

Martha's Vineyard

ꥫڤ3ޥۤɤβ⤫ Martha's Vineyard ʤϡDz Jaws ȤʤäȤ⤢ꡤ¿ο͡ε˻ĤäƤ롥ο͸6ͤۤɤļˤϲƤˤʤڤ4ͤĶѸҤĤ褦ˤʤꡤ꥾ϤȤƤγȯʤޤä¦ˤڤ꽻Ԥ¿ޤ褦ˤʤä̤ȤơϿԤ͸̩٤ι⤤ϰȤʤꡤϸṮ̌ŪϰȤʤä
Labov ϡ30ǯĴεϿӤơ̱ [aɪ], [aʊ] ȯ [əɪ], [əʊ] ѲƤƤ뤳ȤܤѲĴ뤳Ȥ˷᤿ˡ̱¿ΥǡȡLabov ̡ǯϰʬ̱ۡ²ʬۡʸŪѰۤʤɤΥѥ᡼ˤʬϤʤ᤿ޤ̱ȤϤѲʹǤ뤳Ȥ˵ŤƤʤȤȤȽ
ʬϷ̤ϼ̤äǯΥѥ᡼ˤĤơ75ФǯؤǤϤѲϺǤ⾯ʤ31--45ФǯؤǺǤ¿ä30аʲǤ31--45ФۤɤѲѻʤäŪˤϡѲļǰŪˤ褯ʹԤƤޤMartha's Vineyard ϤȤȵȤäޤ˻ĤäƤʤ̱ΤۤȤɤ Chilmark ˽Ǥꡤε̱ѲαƶǤ⸲˼Ƥ뤳ȤȽΤޤȤȡѲϤ餯ε̱ξĤϤޤꡤ30--45ФǯؤعäƤä餷Ȥ¬롥
ʤΤ褦ʤȤäΤLabov ϡԤѻȹͻˤꡤΤ褦ʶڽ񤭤ֿȯǤ [əɪ], [əʊ] ϡºݤˤϤष̱θŤŪѼ¸ߤƤѰ۷äΤ18--19ΥꥫڤǤ [əɪ], [əʊ] ʹ줿ΤǤꡤθŤȯҶ˻ĤäƤȤƤԻ׵ĤϤʤ19ʹߡꥫڤ [əɪ], [əʊ] [aɪ], [aʊ] ؤѲư˸ƱơMartha's Vineyard ǤʿԤѲȻפ뤬ǤϸŤȯˤ϶व줺ˡݼŪѰ۷Ȥƻ¸ȤLabov ĴȤݼŪѰ۷ǤϺƤϤ֤ĥϤƤ褦Ǥ롥
ŤȯȳĥˤĤƤϡβ⤬ΩƤƤ롥Ūʵ̱ϡ˲󤻤ڤδѸҤˤϤӤѸӥͥ˷ƤΤǤϤʤѸȤȤΩŪĤǤε̱ˤϡʬ Martha's Vineyard 餷θ̱ɽǤȤ餬ꡤμˤݼŪѰ۷ξ [əɪ], [əʊ] Ѥ뤳Ȥ̵ռΤǤΤǤϤʤơΤ褦ʵ̱Ū̱ȤƤΥǥƥƥ˶뼡̱30--45СˤƤƤꡤ餬ħŪ [əɪ], [əʊ] Ѥ褦ˤʤäƤƤΤǤϤʤ
Aitchison (65) ΤޤȤɤǤߤ褦

On Martha's Vineyard a small group of fishermen began to exaggerate a tendency already existing in their speech. They did this seemingly subconsciously, in order to establish themselves as an independent social group with superior status to the despised summer visitors. A number of other islanders regarded this group as one which epitomized old virtues and desirable values, and subconsciously imitated the way its members talked. For these people, the new pronunciation was an innovation. As more and more people came to speak in the same way, the innovation gradually became the norm for those living on the island.


Labov ˤ Martha's Vineyard Ĵϡ#406. Labov New York City /r/ ([2010-06-07-1]) θȤȤˡҲػ˾塤פʥǥȤǧƤ롥

Aitchison, Jean. Language Change: Progress or Decay. 3rd ed. Cambridge: CUP, 2001.

Referrer (Inside): [2015-06-17-1]

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