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2010-10-10 Sun

#531. OED ΰѥǡ򥳡ѥȤƻȤ뤫 [oed][corpus][representativeness]

OED (2nd ed. CD-ROM) ˱Ѹ쥳ѥȤѤȤȯۤäŻǤǤƤ鹭ͭƤºݤ¿θ OED ѥȤƳѤƤ롥⤽⤬ѥȤԤޤ줿櫓ǤϤʤ OED ν򥳡ѥȤߤʤƸ椹뤳Ȥϡɤ줯餤ʤΤƻˤĤΤ뤳Ȥϸ漫ȤƱ餤פȻפΤǡΥơޤ˴Ϣ Hoffmann ʸޤȤƤߤʻ伫ȤƻȤƤ OED ħ褯򤻤˸˻ȤäƤ餤ΤǡʬΤ˺ϿȤĤǤսν񤫤줿ʸ򻲹ͤˤƤޤ
Hoffmann OED ν򥳡ѥȤѤ뤳ȤǤ뤫ȤФơ4Ĥδ饢ץƤ롥ƴȡб Hoffmann η󤹤롥

(1) Selection criteria for the quotations
"a collection of pieces of language that are selected and ordered according to explicit linguistic criteria in order to be used as a sample of the language" (19; cited from Sinclair) Ȥ̩ʥѥ˾Ȥ餻СOED ν򥳡ѥȸʤȤϤǤʤΤˡġθФ첼ǼƤ㷲θФܤŬڤʥѥˤʤʤȤȤϸθü٤η֤̣åפ뷹뤫Ǥ롥äˤ븫ФܤΤǤʤСΤȤ OED ϳƻαѸɽƤȹͤ졤ѥȤƳѤ뤳ȤǤ롥

(2) Representativeness and balance of the quotations
OED ϼºݤ˲餫ŵ򤫤Ƥ "true quotations" (20) Ǥ롥ԼԤˤäƺ줿ʤǤϤʤϤƾʤޤŵΥ¿ˤ錄ꡤüʸغʤ˸¤ʤɤиʤΤǡ˴ؤƤ "representative" ȸäƤ褤ƥ뤬츦ˤȤäŬڤʳʬۤƤ櫓ǤϤʤΤǡ"balanced" Ȥϸʤ㤨 Shakespeare 1ͤ33,000󶡤Ƥʤɤ󤲤롥OED 򥳡ѥȤƸΩƤˤϡ"balance" դפ롥

(3) Reliability of the data format
ʸΰάƤ褦㤬ʿѤ20?25%ۤɤ롥ۤȤɤξάǤʸι¤ƤʤˤŬڤʾάʸι¤ѲƤޤäƤʸ⤢롥ʾι¤Ĵ٤뤿 OED ѤˤϡդɬפǤ롥

(4) Quantification of the results
1ǯ򥰥դ˥ץåȤȡ174000ۤ뾮ԡ1910000ۤԡǧ뤬20ˤϷ㸺롥ǡοϻˤ餺13٤Ȱǡ20㤬ĹʤΤܤαޤ٤Ǥ롥240ۤʽǤ180ۤɤäˤȤȾ嵭ʿѸ׻ơOED ˴ޤޤ3300?3500ȿꤵ롥OED 򥳡ѥȤѤˤϡ19ä¿ȤʤɤդƸ̤᤹٤

Ǹ Hoffmann ηѤ (26) OED νϸѲη绨ĤŪɽ魯ѥȤƸѲˤȤäͭѤǤ롤ȤQŪʷŪʿФƤƻͤˤʤä

Although the OED quotations database is not a completely balanced and representative corpus, it can nevertheless provide the linguist with a wealth of useful information. The data it contains chiefly represents naturally occurring language, and the time-span covered is unmatched by any other source of computerized data. Even though over 20 per cent of all its quotations have been shortened, the large majority of these deletions is unlikely to distort the results of many diachronic studies of linguistic features. Given the nature of the data, normalized frequency counts might suggest an inappropriate level of precision, but tendencies in the development over time can nevertheless be expressed in quantitative terms. (26)


The Oxford English Dictionary. 2nd ed. CD-ROM. Version 3.1. Oxford: OUP, 2004.
Hoffmann, Sebastian. "Using the OED quotations database as a Corpus --- A Linguistic Appraisal." ICAME Journal 28 (April 2004): 17--30. Available online at http://icame.uib.no/ij28/index.html .
Tanabe, Harumi. "The Rivalry of give up and its Synonymous Verbs in Modern English." Language Change and Variation from Old English and Late Modern English: A Festschrift for Minoji Akimoto. Ed. Merja Kytö, John Scahill, and Harumi Tanabe. Bern: Peter Lang, 2010. 253--75.

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