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פϸؤѸȤ櫓ǤϤʤ̤ˤؤˤȤƤ롥Ѹ "mother tongue", ե "langue maternelle", ɥĸ "Muttersprache" ǤꡤθפȤƱǤ롥ŵŪƤ齬롤üԤˤȤäƤ1ΤȤǤꡤʸƾΤΤ褦˻פ뤫⤷ʤפȤѸˤϤĤ꤬ޤޤƤ롥Ǥ夷ƤѸǤꡤȤΤȤΤŦƤȤϽפ
1ܤϡѸˤޤĤɽŪǤ롥줫ȤϾŪǤϤ뤬¤ˤʳʹΤϤǤ⤢롥ȤϤޤܰԤ̾ǤȤϼȤƤ⡤#1495. ä٤ޥʸ multilingualism ([2013-05-31-1]) Ǽ褦ˡҲ٤Ȥθ줬1Ȥʤ褦ʸ¸ߤ롥ξˤϡषפθƾΤդ路
2ܤϡˤĤƤǤ롥Ǥ1ȤɽѤ줬ްդΤϡȤüԤǽ˽ؤȤȤǤ롥ۤȤɤξ硤ǤޤˤäޤȿŪºߤȤƤȤפʤޤˤ뤫⤷ʤ֥ȥ (34--35) ˤʲʸϤȡ
ȤĴ»ܤ뤿ͿƤ¿ͤʡΡϡŪȿŪȤ2ĤεΤԤĤ뤿餤ȿǤƤ롥ԤϤĤޤꡤϺǽθǤȤȤǤꡤԤϡͤä³ʤǻͤ줬ǤȤ櫓Ǥ롥ǯȤǯˤƽȤȤҴŪǤϰ̤˺ǤפȤƤʥɡᥭեԥʥ⡼ꥷ㥹ʤɡˡ¿ѤκĥΤ褦ʹϡȤϼʬ֤褯狼äƤȿĤǻͤȤȤΤ˼Ƥ롥ʤѤ褦Ȥ⡤줿餷ƤܼŪ˽פʲͤȡ줬ĿͤμҲʸŪ°˴ؤƽפʻɸǤ뤳ȤˤĤƤϡ̤˸ΰפƤ롥
3ܤˡܼŪüԸĿͤ°ȤƤ줬ѸȤƼҲŪʸ̮˸ȤۤȤɵդ뤳Ȥʤΰ̣ƤҲ졤椬ƤޤȤ꤬롥㤨СUNESCO 1953 ϡΤ褦˽Ҥ٤ơǤζεʸƤ롥
On educational grounds we recommend that the use of the mother tongue be extended to as late a stage in education as possible. In particular, pupils should begin their schooling through the medium of the mother tongue, because they understand it best and because to begin their school life in the mother tongue will make the break between home and school as small as possible.
տޤȤɿŪǤꡤݤˤϻǤ롥"the mother tongue" ȤѸ줬ȤҲŪʸ̮Ѥ뤳ȤˤꡤŪüԸĿͤȷӤĤƤϤ꤬ҲؤȤؤ줨褦˻פ롥
üԸĿͤˤȤäȤΤʶʤŪºߤȤƤ⡤θ줬ҲŪΩȤǧΤƤ뤫ɤǤ롥㤨Сθ줬ҿ1Ȥư֤ŤƤˤΩȤ̾ͿƤʤǽ롥ξˤϡüԤǤζεͿ뤳ȤϤʤޤüܿͤθ𤹤ݤˡ𤷤ʤǽ⤢롥Romain (37) ˤСꥹˤơ Panjabi äѥϤο͡ϡ Panjabi üԤǤϤʤѥιǤ Urdu üԤǤȿ𤹤ȤˤϸιŪŪװǤ롥
Ū˸Ŀͤ°ȤơʤĿ (idiolect) ȤƲ᤹ΤǤСǤζȤüԤοब뤳Ȥˤʤ롥Τ褦˶ܤȤŪǡݲѼ (variety) ȤªΤǤСѼϸʤΤʤΤȤƬˤҲŪ˵ꤷƤޤҲŪʸ̮Ѥ줿ȤѸϡǤ˼Ҳ줿̣ƤäƤޤäƤΤǤ롥
֥ȥ ͵ ظء١ҡʸ˥ӡ1988ǯ
Romain, Suzanne. Language in Society: An Introduction to Sociolinguistics. 2nd ed. Oxford: OUP, 2000.
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