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2013-07-31 Wed

#1556. U or non-U [sociolinguistics][bre][variation]

Ҳ񳬵ˤäƸѤ˺뤳ȤϡҲؤդȤǤ롥ܥ֥Ǥޤ˿Ƽ夲ƤĤεؤΥ󥯤#1504. ܸγغ ([2013-06-09-1]) ƬĥäΤǡȤ줿
奤ꥹѸˤҲ񳬵κ˴ؤǡȤ櫓ŪˤʤäΤϡꥹθؼ Ross ˤ U(pper) vs non-U(pper) Ȥ̤Ǥ롥Ǥ褯ΤƤΤϡѥʥץؼ table-napkin serviette ήԤѤήϸԤѤȸ롥ä򤬡ޤˤʤ䡤˴ؤäƤȤΤ顤͡δؿоݤȤʤΤ̵̤Ȥä
Ross (3) ϡΤ褦˽Ҥ١򴬤

Today, in 1956, the English class-system is essentially tripartite---there exist an upper, a middle, and a lower class. It is solely by its language that the upper class is clearly marked off from the others. In times past (e.g. in the Victorian and Edwardian periods) this was not the case. But, today, a member of the upper class is, for instance, not necessarily better educated, cleaner, or richer than someone not of this class. Nor, in general, is he likely to play a greater part in public affairs, be supported by other trades or professions, or engage in other pursuits or pastimes than his fellow of another class.


ĤޤꡤߤΥꥹǤϡ麹ϡ¾塤ѤˤäƤΤɸȤҲؤǤϼҲŪʶʬȸŪʺۤбĴξԤȤߴطͻ褦忴ƤΤRoss ϸԤԤꤷƤΤʿǤ櫓Ǥ롥ñǤϤʤϤ͡ζ̣ĤˤϽʬä
Ross Ͻ񤭸դäդˤ U vs non-U ̤ԤǤȯȸáɽˤ U vs non-U 򤵤˶̤Ƥ뤬ʲǤϸáɽˤˤ U non-U Ω򼨤󤷤褦 (20--24) ʤ줫Ѽбɽʤ¿롥

Unon-U
jerry, potarticle
have one's bathtake a bath
civil 
buscoach
stayscorsets
counterpanecoverlet
salt-cellars, pepper-potscruet
 crust, crumb
civilizedcultivated, cultured
Have some more tea?How is your cup?
bike, bicyclecycle
dinnerevening meal
dinner jacket, short coat, etc.dress-suit
 excuse my glove
greatcoat, topcoat 
vegetablesgreens
They've a very nice houseThey've a lovely home
ridinghorse-riding
I was very sick on the boatI was very ill on the boat
knavejack
 la-di-da
hall, dining-roomlounge
madmental
 a matter of business
 If you don't mind my mentioning it
looking-glassmirror
writing-papernote-paper
What?, Sorry!Pardon!
 pass a (nasty) remark
 Pleased to meet you.
 posh
jampreserve
wirelessradio
 rude
table-napkinserviette
work for an examstudy for an exam
master, mistressteacher
lavatory-papertoilet-paper
richwealthy


21θߤȤʤäƤϡɽѼɽ魯ΤȤǧޤäƤƤ麹Ȥϡʸκƺ庹ȤäڤؤäƤƤ褦ˤפ롥
Crystal (364) ˤȡRoss ʸޤ᤿ Nancy Mitford Noblesse Oblige ϡǸ13ꤷȤ顤äۤɤȿäȤˤʤ롥¤˥ꥹ餷Ǥ롥

Ross, Alan. "U and non-U." Noblesse Oblige. Ed. Nancy Mitford. Oxford: OUP, 1956. 3--28.
Crystal, David. The Cambridge Encyclopedia of the English Language. 2nd ed. Cambridge: CUP, 2003.

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