01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
塼衤ͻȤưۤʤ2Ĥγ٤̤Ƥ (synchrony) ̻ (diachrony) Ǥ롥ܥ֥ǤϤ2ʬˡȤǡ˰͵ꡤ뤤ϲŪ˵ꤷƤͭ̾2ʬˡˤĤơѸ켭ŵʤɤȤơ餿ƳǧƤ
ޤݻΥ塼Ѹ (309--10) ˤϼΤ褦ˤ롥
synchronie/diachronie [̻֡]
ʳؤоݤη (système de valeurs) ȤªȤ֤μΰ̤ˤ (état) ֤ȸƤӡŪ¤ (temps) κѤ̵뤷ƵҤ븦 (linguistique synchronique) ȤϤޤǤˡλǤäơ¤ˤϡηϤϹȰܤѤФ꤫ʣηϤŤʤäƶ¸Ƥ뤳Ȥ˺ƤϤʤʤάФơΰܤѤ뤵ޤޤʳǵҤ줿Ṳ̤̄ӤηΤѲéȤ븦椬̻ (linguistique diachronique) ǤꡤоݤȤͤư (déplacement) ̻֤Ǥ롥
Ʊݻ (73--74) Ǥϡ塼ιͤΤ褦˲⤷Ƥ롥
ָؤˤĤΰۤʤäʳؤ롥֤ޤ϶ؤȡư֤ޤ̻ؤǤסĤζ̤ϡ褽ηϤоݤȤǤɬʤ٤ǤäơȤзкѳؤȷкѻˤƱʳؤΤʤǤϤäʬ줿ʬΤƱˡؤˤƤĤΰ̤٤ǤȤΤ̥塼ͤιͤǤä塼ϤθεҤ (linguistique synchronique)ȤȤѲεҤ̻ (linguistique diachronique) ȸƤǤ롥
Crystal Ѹ켭ŵǤϡpp. 469, 142 ˤ줾츫ФΩƤƤ롥
synchronic (adj.) One of the two main temporal dimensions of LINGUISTIC investigation introduced by Ferdinand de Saussure, the other being DIACHRONIC. In synchronic linguistics, languages are studied at a theoretical point in time: one describes a 'state' of the language, disregarding whatever changes might be taking place. For example, one could carry out a synchronic description of the language of Chaucer, or of the sixteenth century, or of modern-day English. Most synchronic descriptions are of contemporary language states, but their importance as a preliminary to diachronic study has been stressed since Saussure. Linguistic investigations, unless specified to the contrary, are assumed to be synchronic; they display synchronicity.
diachronic (adj.) One of the two main temporal dimensions of LINGUISTIC investigation introduced by Ferdinand de Saussure, the other being SYNCHRONIC. In diachronic linguistics (sometimes called linguistic diachrony), LANGUAGES are studied from the point of view of their historical development --- for example, the changes which have taken place between Old and Modern English could be described in phonological, grammatical and semantic terms ('diachronic PHONOLOGY/SYNTAX/SEMANTICS'). An alternative term is HISTORICAL LINGUISTICS. The earlier study of language in historical terms, known as COMPARATIVE PHILOLOGY, does not differ from diachronic linguistics in subject-matter, but in aims and method. More attention is paid in the latter to the use of synchronic description as a preliminary to historical study, and to the implications of historical work for linguistic theory in general.
ݻ Ϻإ塼뾮ŵ١罤ۡ1985ǯ
Crystal, David, ed. A Dictionary of Linguistics and Phonetics. 6th ed. Malden, MA: Blackwell, 2008. 295--96.
2026 : 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12
2025 : 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12
2024 : 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12
2023 : 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12
2022 : 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12
2021 : 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12
2020 : 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12
2019 : 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12
2018 : 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12
2017 : 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12
2016 : 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12
2015 : 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12
2014 : 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12
2013 : 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12
2012 : 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12
2011 : 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12
2010 : 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12
2009 : 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12
ǽ: 2026-06-26 03:46
Powered by WinChalow1.0rc4 based on chalow