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2010-11-03 Wed

#555. 2 analogy [analogy][morphology][plural]

( analogy ) ϶ŬϰϤιǤ롥ֲˡ§㳰ʤפ19ӸؼԤ㳰ݤߤϤ٤Ƽ ( borrowing ) ( analogy ) ˵ȤʹߡϲǤƤޤˡȢиѲΥȢȤͤ褦ˤʤäƤޤä᤬롥ޤ¿θѲȤŤ뤿ˡäΤ񤷤ȤʤäƤޤä褦˻פ뤬ν̵뤹뤳ȤϤǤʤޤϡCrystal analogy 򼨤

A term used in HISTORICAL and COMPARATIVE LINGUISTICS, and in LANGUAGE ACQUISITION, referring to a process of regularization which affects the exceptional forms in the GRAMMAR of a language. The influence of the REGULAR pattern of plural formation in English, for example, can be heard in the treatment of irregular forms in the early UTTERANCES of children, e.g. mens, mans, mouses: the children are producing these forms 'on analogy with' the regular pattern. (24)


ˤ⤢褦ˡѸ analogy ɽȤ̾ʣη󤲤뤳Ȥ¿ѸԵ§ʣɽʤϡfoot (sg.) / feet (pl.) ˸褦Ū i-mutation ͿƤǤ ( see [2009-10-01-1] ) i-mutation θ̤ϡűѸǤ bōc "book" ˤ⸽Ƥꡤʣʡʣгʡʵڤñ°ʡñͿʡˤη֤ bēc "books" Ǥäߤθʣϡ¿̾ˤʤä books -s ѤƵ§Ū˷ΤǡŪˤ analogy Ưȹͤ롥
ŵŪ analogy ˤϡºݤˤ2 sub-analogy Ȥ⤤äƤ롥2 sub-analogy extension ֳĥפ levelling ֿʿפȸƤФ졤ŪˤʬªƤʤȤ¿ֲȤƤ϶̤ƹͤ٤Ǥ롥extension ϡűѸμñ bōc ͥʶޥѥʶŪˤ a-stem strong masculine declension ˤ򻲾ȤơʣʡʵڤʣгʡˤɸǤ -as 򼫿ȤŬѤbōces ʤɤФؤextension "the application of a process outside its original domain" ( Lass, p. 96 ) Ť
դΤϡ嵭εҤϤޤǼñȼʣη֤δط˸ꤷǤ롥ºݤˤϡűѸǤϲζɽ˸褦ñǤʣǤʤ˱Ʒ֤Ѳi-mutation ñ°ʡñͿʤǤѤƤΤǤꡤʣ˺ѤƤ櫓ǤϤʤݡʣǤ°ʤͿʤˤϺѤƤʤäñ bookʣ books Ȥߤñʬۤ˹Ԥ夯ޤǤˤϡñʣΤʤǤͥʷ֡̾ϼʷ֡ˤؤΰ층뤤Ͽʿ ( levelling ) ȤɬפäΤǤ롥̤Ȥơñ󤬿ʿ book ʣ󤬿ʿ books 줾μʷ֤ǥȤ analogy levelling ȤȤˤʤ롥Lass ˤСlevelling Ȥ "the ironing out of allomorphy within the paradigm" (96) Ǥ롥

book in OE Declension


ޥѥ༫Τ¾ͥʶޥѥफƶ analogy ( = extension ) ȡޥѥ analogy ( = levelling ) ȤϡΤ褦˶̤ƹͤƤɬפ

Crystal, David, ed. A Dictionary of Linguistics and Phonetics. 6th ed. Malden, MA: Blackwell, 2008. 295--96.
Lass, Roger. "Phonology and Morphology." The Cambridge History of the English Language. Vol. 2. Cambridge: CUP, 1992. 23--154.

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