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ε#1741. ȤƤȳ (1) ([2014-02-01-1]) ³εǤϡ٤ϡˤߤ줿ȳ٤1ǤȽҤ٤ºݤˤۤˤ奤ꥹˤ㤬ϿƤ롥륺ȥåȥɤDZѸ줬ƩƤäˤϡ#1718. Wales ˤѸˡ ([2014-01-09-1]) ȡ#1719. Scotland ˤѸˡ ([2014-01-10-1]) εǸȤ櫓19ȾˤϡϤˤѸζްä
륺㤫ߤ褦1846ǯܤϥ륺ζ𡤤Ȥ櫓ϫƯԳαѸ콬μ֤ĴѰΩ夲ǯ3ˡФ줿ɽ椬ĤäΤǡ̾ Blue Books ȸƤФ뤳Ȥˤʤä륺ͤˤȤäƶŪƤ¿ޤǤ The Betrayal (or Infamous, Treason) of Blue Books ȤƾΤ줿¼ (79) ¹뤬Blue Books (462) ˡWelsh not (or Welsh stick or Welsh) ȸƤФȳεҤ롥
The Welsh stick, or Welsh, as it is sometimes called, is given to any pupil who is overheard speaking Welsh, and may be transferred by him to any schoolfellow whom he hears committing a similar offence. It is thus passed from one to another until the close of the week, when the pupil in whose possession the Welsh is found is punished by flogging. Among other injurious effects, this custom has been found to lead children to visit stealthily the houses of their schoolfellows for the purpose of detecting those who speak Welsh to their parents, and transferring to them the punishment due to themselves.
¼ (80) ϡƱȤåȥɤΥåˤŬѤƤȽҤ٤Ƥʰʲ¼ˤ M. Stephens, Linguistic Minorities in Western Europe, Gomer, 1978. p. 63. ΰѡˡ
From the end of the nineteenth century Gaelic faced its most serious challenge --- the use of the States schools to eradicate what one Inspector called 'the Gaelic nuisance' ... The 'maide-crochaich'', a stick on a cord, was used by English-speaking teachers to stigmatise and punish children speaking Gaelic in Class --- a device which was to survive in Lewis as late as the 1930s.
ޤ¼ (80) ϡϼ긵ˤʤȤʤ⡤ꥫ1960ǯ溢ޤǥڥػäȤȤˤڤƤ롥
ްΤȳ٤ϡΤ褦ʣϰˤäȤ狼뤬19ȾʹߤΤΤǤȤ̣Ωȯ٤ǤϤʤ路Ƴ줿٤Ǥȹͤʤ褦ǯǤϤ롥
¼ ɡرѸϤɤʸ줫ѸμҲŪ١Ʋ1989ǯ
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