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ѲΥǥȤơεǡ#1466. Smith ˤѲ3ʳ3 ([2013-05-02-1]) #1600. Samuels θѲǥ ([2013-09-13-1]) ʤɤҲ𤷤ƤSmith ϡѲΥǥΩäơ줽ΤΤΥǥ롤뤤ϸƥ٥δطޤƤꡤ˴ŤƸѲƤ롥
ޤSmith (4) "The levels of language (hierarchical model)" Ƹ롥

ϡκǤ٥ Semantics ʰ̣ˤꡤˤ줬 Grammar ʸˡˤ Lexicology ʸáˤˤäɽ졤Ǥ餬 Transmission ãˤβФơǸ Speech äաˤ뤤 Writing ʽաˤȤΤˤ긲ȤإǥǤ롥ǡTransmission ȤäդȽդƱ֤Ƥ뤳Ȥܤͤ롥ϲǤȤ20ؤξQæդؤθ˰Ȥջ֤롥θѤˤĤƤϡ#1665. äȤФȽȤ (4) ([2013-11-17-1])#748. ä ([2011-05-15-1]) ⻲Ȥ줿
γإǥŪǤ롥ѲȤưŪʲȻפСΤޤޤŪʥǥǤѤ³뤳ȤǤʤSmith (5) ѲˤĤƽҤ٤ƤȤꡤ"any given linguistic event is the result of complex interaction between levels of language, and between language itself and the sociohistorical setting in which it is situated" Ǥ롥ǡSmith (5) ϰʲưŪʥǥ "The levels of language (dynamic model)"

ϡؤξ岼ζ̤ߤˡߺѤŻ뤷ưŪʥǥǤ롥Grammar, Lexicon, Transmission 3ԤäȥȤη (cf. "système où tout se tient") ˤơѲϡη̤ʬˤƶͿʤʤοޤ Semantics ޤޤƤʤΤϡ̣ϤΥ٥Ȥľܤ˴ؤΤǤꡤοޤ̡ʤ뤤̡ˤǾ˺ѤƤȤ뤫Τ褦 (Smith 5)
Smith ϸѲˤ쳰Ū ("the sociohistorical setting") Ż뤷Ƥ뤬Ȥ߹3ΥǥϿƤʤλվ Samuels #1600. Samuels θѲǥ ([2013-09-13-1]) ǰƬˤƤ뤳ȤϳΤΤ褦
Smith, Jeremy J. An Historical Study of English: Function, Form and Change. London: Routledge, 1996.
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