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([2014-07-30-1]) ([2014-07-31-1]) ³ƤꡥˤѸ̤ѤƤ̿;ΤФ singular they ϡ18εʸˡδ˽äơ褦ˤʤäǤ16ꡤʤ he ˡȤͤϲƤBodine (134) ˤȡT. Wilson 1553ǯ Arte of rhetorique ͥȤ븫Ƥ롥
Some will set the Carte before the horse, as thus. My mother and my father are both at home, even as thoughe the good man of the house ware no breaches, or that the graye Mare were the better Horse. And what thoughe it often so happeneth (God wotte the more pitte) yet in speaking at the leaste, let us kepe a natural order, and set the man before the woman for maners Sake. (1560 ed.: 189)
ƱͤˡBodine (134) ˤȡ7ˤ J. Pool English accidence (1646: 21) ƱͤθƤ롥
The Relative agrees with the Antecedent in gender, number, and person. . . The Relative shall agree in gender with the Antecedent of the more worthy gender: as, the King and the Queen whom I honor. The Masculine gender is more worthy than the Feminine.
Bodine (135) ϡ̿;Τ he ܳŪʸλȤƺǽΤΤ Kirby A new English grammar (1746) ǤȸƤ롥Kirby 88쵬§ϤȤƷǤ Rule 21 βսǤ롥
The masculine Person answers to the general Name, which comprehends both Male and Female; as Any Person, who knows what he says. (117)
ʹߡθϹ뤳Ȥˤʤ롥L. Murray English grammar (1795) ϤȤεʸˡȤϤä he ٻthey ƤĬήĺAct of Parliament (1850) ϡhe or she he ֤٤ȤˡŪʸڤǤ롥
ơKirby Rule 21 ³ Rule 22 ϡǤϤʤäƤ뤬εȤؤäƤΤǾҲ𤷤Ƥϰ;ΤˤñʣϤߤ˸뤳ȤǤȤ롼Ǥꡤ㤨 "The Life of Man" "The Lives of Men" ƱͤǤȤΤBodine (136) ϡKirby Rule 21, 22 Act of Parliament ˤϵη٤ȻŦ롥
Thus, the 1850 Act of Parliament and Kirby's Rules 21-2 manifest their underlying androcentric values and world-view in two ways. First, linguistically analogous phenomena (number and gender) are handled very differently (singular or plural as generic vs. masculine only as generic). Second, the precept just being established is itself violated in not allowing singular 'they', since if the plural 'shall be deemed and taken' to include the singular, then surely 'they' includes 'she' and 'he' and 'she or he'.
ϡε ([2014-07-31-1]) Ǽ夲ˤ̤롥̿;Τ he ˡȤϡȤˤäƺ졤ƤοäǤȤäƤ褤⤷ʤ
Bodine, Ann. "Androcentrism in Prescriptive Grammar: Singular 'they', Sex-Indefinite 'he,' and 'he or she'." Language in Society 4 (1975): 129--46.
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