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2016-11-04 Fri

#2748. 첻ܤμҲ񲻱Ūͻ (4) [gvs][sociolinguistics][emode][contact][vowel][phonetics][rp][homonymic_clash]

[2016-10-01-1], [2016-10-11-1], [2016-10-31-1]³4ơޤǤεǡ15ޤǤˡChaucer ʤɤɽ볬λ¹äƤȹͤ첻η (System I)󥰥ɤǹԤʤƤη (System II)East Anglia ʤɤˤߤη (System III) 3बɥˤƺäƤ򼨤System II System III üԤϡAlexander Gil ˤơ "Mopsae" "Easterners" ȸƤФƤ롥
ηϤ1650ǯޤǤȼȯŸ뤲󥰥ɤǤϤȤ櫓Ťΰҿ System I ȡΤ System II 2郎Ԥʤ褦ˤʤäƤ

System I:
   ME /eː/ > EModE /iː/, e.g. meed
   ME /ɛː/ > EModE /eː/, e.g. mead
   ME /aː/, /ai/ > EModE /ɛː/, e.g. made, maid

System II:
   ME /eː/ > EModE /i:/, e.g. meed
   ME /ɛː/, /aː/, /ai/ > EModE /eː/, e.g. mead, made, maid

Ȥ18ˤʤȡޤ̤2ηϤ礹褦ˤʤäƤ1ĤϡSystem I ɤȴưҿΤ褦ʰ֤ŤȤ¸³Ƥ System II Ǥꡤ⤦1ĤϤϤŤǹԤʤƤ System III Ǥ롥System III ϡ[2016-10-31-1]εǽҤ٤褦ˡɥǤ System I Ȥ̤ܿưʲΤ褦Ѳ뤲Ƥ

System III:
   ME /eː/, /ɛː/ > ModE /iː/, e.g. meed, mead
   ME /aː, aɪ/ > ModE /eː/, e.g. made, maid

System III ϸŤηϤǤϤ뤬18ޤǤưҿϤƤꡤ̣ǿηϤǤ⤢äơθ塤 System III ޤޤͥȤʤꡤˤޤ³Ū RP δפȤʤäƤäSystem III ͥȤʤäΤϡSystem II ٤Ʊ۵ (homonymic_clash) ε򾯤ʤޤȤŪʥåȤˤϤäSmith (110) ϡSystem III II ǻܿϥɥ򤪤Ƥۤˤʤˤ⡤װ򸫤ȤƤ롥

. . . System III's success in London is not solely due to intralinguistic functional reasons but also to extralinguistic social factors peculiar to the capital. System II and System III could only come into contact in a major urban centre, such as London; in more rural areas, the opportunity for the two systems to compete would have been much rarer and thus it would have been (and is) possible for the older System II to have been retained longer. The coexistence of System II and System III in one place, London, meant that it was possible for Londoners to choose between them.


Smith, Jeremy J. An Historical Study of English: Function, Form and Change. London: Routledge, 1996.

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