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2016-11-03 Thu

#2747. Reichenbach λ [tense][aspect][deixis][perfect][preterite][future][semantics]

ˤͭ̾ʻߤˡReichenbach ΤΤ롥3ĤλȻѤ뤳Ȥǡ礿Ū褦ȤΤ3ĤλȻȤϡʲ̤Saeed (128) ѡˡ

S = the speech point, the time of utterance;
R = the reference point, the viewpoint or psychological vantage point adopted by the speaker;
E = event point, the described action's location in time.


S, R, E λּŪʰִطԤˤ "<"Ʊξˤ "="³ˤ ">" εɽ뤳Ȥˤ롥㤨Сʸ "I saw Helen", λʸ "I had seen Helen"̤ʸ "I will see Helen" Τ줾λϡʲΤ褦ɽ魯ȤǤ

                                           
"I saw Helen"        >
(R = E < S)               R, E             S
                                           
"I had seen Helen"   >
(E < R < S)                E       R       S
                                           
"I will see Helen"   >
(S < R = E)                S              R, E

SRE ʬϤˤȡѸληϤϰʲ7Ĥ˶ʬ (Saeed 132)

Simple past(R = E < S)"I saw Helen"
Present perfect(E < S = R)"I have seen Helen"
Past perfect(E < R < S)"I had seen Helen"
Simple present(S = R = E)"I see Helen"
Simple future(S < R = E)"I will see Helen"
Proximate future(S = R < E)"I'm going to see Helen"
Future perfect(S < E < R)"I will have seen Helen"


SRE 3δط͡S = R ȤʤΤߴλñ㸽ߡ̤3ĤξΤߤǤ뤳Ȥܤͤ롥ѸüԤˤ򤷤ˤߴλΡָߤؤδͿ (relevance to "now") Ȥ¦̤ϡReichenbach ǤϡS = RפȤɽΤǤ롥

Reichenbach, Hans. Elements of Symbolic Logic. London: Macmillan, 1947.
Saeed, John I. Semantics. 3rd ed. Malden, MA: Wiley-Blackwell, 2009.

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ǽ: 2026-06-26 03:46

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