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2017-01-03 Tue

#2808. Jackendoff γǰ̣ [semantics][componential_analysis][noun][countability]

Ray Jackendoff 󾧤Ƥ복ǰ̣ (conceptual semantics) ˤƤϡ̣ȤϿʹ֤ƬΤʤǥɲ¤Ǥ롥ʲθ "the Mentalist Postulate" ȸƤФƤ롥

Meaning in natural language is an information structure that is mentally encoded by human beings. (qtd. in Saeed 278)


Jackendoff ϡʸΰ̣ϹǤƸΰ̣ʤȹͤƤ뤿ᡤǰ̣Ǥϸΰ̣̤դʧ뤳Ȥˤʤ롥̾ΰ̣ʬϤ̤ơǰ̣ΰüƤߤ褦ʲSaeed (283--84) 򻲾Ȥ롥
Jackendoff ϡ̾ΰ̣ħȤ [BOUNDED] [INTERNAL STRUCTURE] ƤƤ롥[BOUNDED] ϡŵŪˤϲĻ̾ (count noun) ȼ̾ (mass noun) ̤ΤѤ롥Ļ̾Τʶñ̤ؼ롥㤨Сa car a banana λؼоݤʪŪǤȤǤ줿ơΥΤϤϤ a car a banana ȤϸƤ٤ʤФơwater oxygen Τ褦ʼ̾ϡʣʬʬ䤷ȤƤ⡤ơʬ water oxygen ȸƤ³뤳ȤǤ롥äơĻ̾ [+b] Ȥơ̾ [-b] ȤƵҤ뤳ȤǤ롥
[INTERNAL STRUCTURE] ˤĤƸƤߤ褦Ļ̾ʣ㤨 cars bananas ϡ˹¤Ȥߤʤ[+i] ɽ魯Фơwater oxygen Τ褦ʼ̾¤ʤȤߤʤ[-i] Ȥʤ롥
2Ĥΰ̣ħ [BOUNDED], [INTERNAL STRUCTURE] ݤ碌ȡ4̤Ȥ߹碌Ǥơ4̤γơ̾줬¸ߤ뤳ȤԤ롥ºݡѸˤϤ줬롥޼Ƥߤ褦

                            [ Material Entity ]
                                    
    
                                                            
individuals             groups             substances          aggregates
(count nouns)     (collective nouns)      (mass nouns)       (plural nouns)
                                                            
                                                            
 [+b, -i]              [+b, +i]            [-b, -i]            [-b, +i]
                                                            
                                                            
 a banana,           a government,          water,              bananas,
  a car              a committee            oxygen               cars


Ļ̾줬 [+b, -i]̾줬 [-b, -i] Ǥ뤳ȤϾλ򤵤Ȼפ뤬¾2ĤˤĤƤ­ɬפa government a committee Τ褦ʽ̾ (collective noun) ϡ켫Τ1Ĥñ̤ǤꡤǤȥǥƥƥ򼺤äƤޤʣιʤäƤȤ̣ˤơ¤Ϥȹͤ롥äơ[+b, +i] ȵҤǤޤbananas cars Τ褦ʲĻ̾ʣ (plural noun) ˤĤƤϡŪ˲ĤȷޤäƤΤʤ̤ʣɽ蘆ȡȡ¿ΥХʥʡ֡פ̣뤳ȤˤʤꡤϤܤ䤱Ƥ롥¤ϤȹͤΤǡ[-b, +i] ɽ뤳Ȥˤʤ롥
ʬϤϡ4̾2Ĥΰ̣ħǥޡȤ˻ʬǤȤȤˡơȤʤȤưΰפʤɡŪ񤤤ˤͿƤȤǡͭѤʬϤȤʤäƤ롥

Saeed, John I. Semantics. 3rd ed. Malden, MA: Wiley-Blackwell, 2009.

Referrer (Inside): [2024-08-23-1] [2022-01-18-1]

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