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2017-06-20 Tue

#2976. űѸ졦Ѹδò which a . . . [ancrene_wisse][syntax][exclamation][article]

Bennett and Smithers Ǥ Ancrene Wisse ΰɤǤȤˡɽ˽вäA. 147--48 ˡΤ褦ˤ롥

Lokið nu ȝeorne, for his deorewurðe luue, hwuch a mearke he leide upon his icorene þa he steah to heouene


hwuch a mearke ʲʬϤܵƳ which ľ괧줬ȤȤϡòδްդ⤤餫ޤǤȤȤ⤷ȤȡѸǤϴò what a ? ȤʤΤ̤ʤΤǡĤƤ which a ? ʤ⤢äȤȤˤʤ롥
Ĵ٤ƤߤȡűѸѸˤ "exclamatory which" ʤˡäȤΤȤMustanoja (186) β

EXCLAMATORY 'WHICH.' --- The original meaning of the pronoun, 'of what kind,' is also reflected in its dependent exclamatory use found in OE and ME (it is often separated from the governing noun by a)] --- ah loke wulche wæstres . . . Whulche wurþliche wude, Whulche wilde deores (Lawman A 11770--73); --- whiche lordes beth þis shrewes! (PPl. B x 27); --- lo which a wyf was Alceste (Ch. CT F Fkl. 1442); --- and whiche eyen my lady hadde! (Ch. BD 859); --- he seide, 'O whiche sorwes glade, O which wofull prosperite Belongeth to the proprete Of love!' (Gower CA iv 1212--13). In late ME which is superseded in this function by what.


MED which (adj.) θ7ˤ⡤ˡˤĤƼΤ褦˵Ҥ롥

7. In exclamations, with emphatic force, indicating the striking or extraordinary character of the noun modified: what a remarkable, an excellent, or an impressive; what remarkable or fine:


OED which, pron. and adj. Ĵ٤Ƥߤȡˡ5ˡǤѤȤƵ󤲤Ƥ롥ʸϡűѸ Ælfred Boethius De Consol. Philos. ˻ϤޤꡤѸ˽äƤ롥

c888 Ælfred tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. xvi. 2 Gif ge nu gesawan hwelce mus þæt wære hlaford ofer oðre mys,..mid hwelce hleahtre ge woldon bion astered.
. . . .
c1450 Jacob's Well (1900) 102 Lo, whiche a worschip sche hadde, & whiche a ioye.


ò which a ? ϡŤѸ̤˸줿Ȥʬ롥

Bennett, J. A. W. and G. V. Smithers, eds. Early Middle English Verse and Prose. 2nd ed. Oxford: OUP, 1968.
Mustanoja, T. F. A Middle English Syntax. Helsinki: Société Néophilologique, 1960.

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