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2011-09-28 Wed

#884. Algeo ο쥽ʬ (2) [word_formation][morphology][borrowing][terminology]

ε#883. Algeo ο쥽ʬ (1) ([2011-09-27-1]) ³ԡAlgeo ˤ word-making 9Ĥδϡʲ䤤ɽ蘆롥

(1) Does the new item have an etymon?
¸θ줫Ƥ뤫ɤۤȤɤοˤĤ Yes ǤʤʥǤ (root creation) ԤʤƤȹͤ롥㤨С10100οɽ魯 googol ϡҶˤ캬Ȥ롥
(2) Does the new item have a borrowed etymon?
δϡ(1) Yes ξˡδ¸θ줬ʲ줿ˤΤΤǤ뤫¾줫Ѥ줿ΤǤ뤫 (borrowing) ̤롥㤨Сinfluenza ϼѸflu influenza 첽ˤ˴Ťƺ줿ȹͤΤǡδ䤤 No Ȥʤ롥
(3) Does the new item combine two or more etyma?
(4) Does the new item shorten an etymon?
2Ĥδݤ碌ȡʲ4ζ̤롥
 1 etymon2+ etyma
unshortenedfun (conversion)funhouse (composite)
shortenedcab (clipping)smog (blending)

̾ fun ƻ fun 褦ϡʻž (conversion), ǽž (functional shift), (zero-derivation) ʤɤȸƤФ롥ηϤ˿ä櫓ǤϤʤȤǡðۤǤ롥
(5) Does the new item have an etymon that lacks a formal exponent in the item?
smog ˤƤϡȤʤäƤ smoke fog η֤줾ʬŪˤǤϤ뤬ȿǤƤ롥ʤˤϸȤʤäƤǤ־ޤäȿǤƤʤ㤬롥㤨Сsuperman Übermensch (loan translation or calque) Ȥ뤬־塤˸ǤȿǤƤʤCockney riming slang trouble and strife (= wife) ƱͤǤʤޤäȿǤƤʤ櫓ǤϤʤΤ񤷤ˡ
(6) Does the new item have a phonological motivation?
grutch θҲִˤ grudgemorphophonemics Ųæˤ morphonemics ꤹʤɤ롥
(7) Do the etyma include more than one base? (More precisely: If there is only one etymon, does it consist of more than one base; or if there are several etyma, do at least two contain bases?)
funhouse Ǥ Yes Ǥ slowly Ǥ No Ǥ롥Ĥޤꡤδϡʣ (compounding) ܼź (affixation) ̤롥ʳˤ⡤jet-propelled airplane ڤˤȹͤ jet ȡcabriolet ڤˤ cab Ȥ̤ΤˤͿ롥
(8) Does the new item derive from written rather than spoken etyma?
situation comedy ṳ̂Ȥ sitch com sit com ̤ǤΤϡsituation ֻؤΰ¸礭Ǥ롥Ƭ ( acronym ) ʤɤ񤭸դ˰¸Ƥ롥
(9) Does the new item add new morphs to the language?
funhouse ϸϿ˿֤ɲäʤfun house ¸η֤Ǥˤsmog ϿϿ˲ääȤäƤ褤

9Ĥδ򤫤碌Сword-making ŪȤ߹碌μȤʤ롥ºŪˤϡAlgeo ʸ󼨤Ƥ37Υ饹ʬǽʬʰʾˤѤ­
ޤʬहΤˡºݾ夳ޤǾܺ٤ʶʬ§ɬפΤ뤤ϤƤʬǺѤΤϡʬŪˤäƤѤäƤΤ褦ŪŪʶʬռƤȤˤ롥1ĤˤϡAlgeo (127) ŦƤ褦ˡ츫Ʊ blending ȹͤ guesstimate Amerindian Ǥ⡤Ԥ paradigmatic ʴطˤ2Ĥ etyma (guess estimate) ιǤꡤԤ syntagmatic ʴطˤ1ĤζȤƤ etymon (American Indian) ṳ̂Ǥ롤Ȥ褦ľŪˤˤ̤褦ˤʤȤ롥¾ˤϡ word-making ʬ¤硤줬ǺͤʤΤ뤤ŪˤⰷˤΤȤäƳʤ뤫٤ꤹؿˤͿƤȤºŪ⤢롥
word-making ϶֤̻֤Ǥ⤢롥"etymon" ȤѸ줬ƤȤꡤ嵭9ĤδϤ̻ŪǤ롥ˤäƿʬष褦ȤŪΤΤ϶Ūword-making Τ⤷ȱϡˤ⤢ΤȻפ
̵ϳΤʤʬˡ뤳ȤԲǽ˶ᤤ嵭δǤΤ˶ʬʤ¿뤳ȤȤ

Algeo, John. "The Taxonomy of Word Making." Word 29 (1978): 122--31.

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