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2014-03-13 Thu

#1781. ܿ෿ [contact][old_norse][sociolinguistics][typology]

ε#1779. ܿ٤ȼͽ¬ɸ ([2014-03-11-1]) Ⱥε#1780. ܿȼѤμ١ ([2014-03-12-1]) ǡThomason and Kaufman ˵äơܿˤĤƤΰۤʤ෿򼨤Ԥΰ Thomason ñȤ Language Contact ˤƤ⡤褽Ʊ֤Ƥ뤬ˤϤŪʸܿ˴ؤ륿ݥ󼨤ƤΤǼƤThomason ϸܿˤѲη "contact-induced language change" ȸƤǤ뤬(1) ͽ¬ɸ (predictors) (2) 줬˵ڤܤ¤Ūʱƶ (effects)(3) Υᥫ˥ (mechanisms) Ƥ (60) "contact-induced language change" ʳθܿ2Ĥη "extreme language mixture" "language death" ΥݥȤȤˡʲ˼

LANGUAGE CONTACT TYPOLOGIES: LINGUISTIC RESULTS AND PROCESSES

1. Contact-induced language change
    A typology of predictors of kinds and degrees of change
        Social factors
            Intensity of contact
            Presence vs absence of imperfect learning
            Speakers' attitudes
        Linguistic factors
            Universal markedness
            Degree to which features are integrated into the linguistic system
            Typological distance between source and recipient languages
    A typology of effects on the recipient-language structure
        Loss of features
        Addition of features
        Replacement of features
    A typology of mechanisms of contact-induced change
        Code-switching
        Code alternation
        Passive familiarity
        'Negotiation'
        Second-language acquisition strategies
        First-language acquisition effects
        Deliberate decision

2. Extreme language mixture: a typology of contact languages
    Pidgins
    Creoles
    Bilingual mixed languages

3. A typology of routes to language death
    Attrition, the loss of linguistic material
    Grammatical replacement
    No loss of structure, not much borrowing


predictors ϡ#1779. ܿ٤ȼͽ¬ɸ ([2014-03-11-1]) ǵ󤲤ΤȤ˳ĥΤǤ롥effects γƹϡबȹͤŪʲǽ󤵤ƤȹͤФ褤mechanisms ȤϡѲƤ븽ˤơüԡʽġˤ˵äƤ뤳ȡ̣ǤοŪȿ󤷤ΤǤ롥
¤ˤϤۤɤ줤෿˼ޤʤܿ˴ؤ礭ʸޤȤƤϻͤˤʤ

Thomason, Sarah Grey and Terrence Kaufman. Language Contact, Creolization, and Genetic Linguistics. Berkeley: U of California P, 1988.
Thomason, Sarah Grey. Language Contact. Edinburgh: Edinburgh UP, 2001.

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