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2014-03-03 Mon

#1771. ܼŪʵǽ1ĤȤƤ phatic communion [pragmatics][function_of_language][phatic_communion]

2֤ε#1769. Ogden and Richards semiotic triangle ([2014-03-01-1]) ȡ#1770. semiotic triangle դľܤˤĤʤäƤȤθ ([2014-03-02-1]) ǡOgden and Richards The Meaning of Meaning äƱ˱ƶȤơݡޤƹμҲؼ Malinowski 󤲤ʤ櫓ϤˤʤMalinowski ϡphatic communion ȤѸߤοƤǤ롥
εǽ1ĤȤƤ phatic communion ˤĤƤϡ#523. εǽȸѲ ([2010-10-02-1]) #1071. Jakobson ˤ6Ĥεǽ ([2012-04-02-1]) ǿ줿٤Malinowski ˤСεǽϸνǽΤʤǤǤ⸶ŪܼŪʤΤǤ롥̤˸ "an instrument of thought" Ȥߤʤ줬ष켫ΤҲŪʹ԰٤ǤȤ "a mode of action" ǤȡMalinowski ϼĥ롥phatic communion ϸԤɽǤꡤȤ櫓ϼҲˤ쵡ǽʬ롥ζɽʸҲǤϡphatic communion ϡ "an instrument of thought" ȤƤεǽαŪΩʤʤäƤ褦˻פ뤬ºݤˤϰŤ̵äʤɤη֤̮³Ƥ롥
Malinowski (315) ˤ롤phatic communion Υꥸʥ򼨤

   There can be no doubt that we have here a new type of linguistic use---phatic communion I am tempted to call it, actuated by the demon of terminological invention---a type of speech in which ties of union are created by a mere exchange of words. Let us look at it from the special point of view with which we are here concerned; let us ask what light it throws on the function or nature of language. Are words in Phatic Communion used primarily to convey meaning, the meaning which is symbolically theirs? Certainly not! They fulfil a social function and that is their principal aim, but they are neither the result of intellectual reflection, nor do they necessarily arouse reflection in the listener. Once again we may say that language does not function here as a means of transmission of thought.
   But can we regard it as a mode of action? And in what relation does it stand to our crucial conception of context of situation? It is obvious that the outer situation does not enter directly into the technique of speaking. But what can be considered as situation when a number of people aimlessly gossip together? It consists in just this atmosphere of sociability and in the fact of the personal communion of these people. But this is in fact achieved by exchange of words, by the specific feelings which form convivial gregariousness, by the give and take of utterances which make up ordinary gossip. The whole situation consists in what happens linguistically. Each utterance is an act serving the direct aim of binding hearer to speaker by a tie of some social sentiment or other. Once more language appears to us in this function not as an instrument of reflection but as a mode of action.


̣Ǥ phatic communion ϡüԤİԤδ֤ˡˤ̿βϩƤ뤫ɤǧǧ뤿θѤȤ롥㤨СޥƥȤǤΡŷʤꡤŷʤפ䡤ȾΰäǤΡ֤ʹ뤫פ phatic communion ȸMalinowski ǰƬˤ phatic communion ϡƤǤϤʤѤ켫ΤҲŪʰ̣ĥˤ쵡ǽ򹭤ؤƤ롥Ť̵äʤɤϡˤäƼ¸Ȥü𤬤ǡͤȿͤȤθ򴶤˻񤹤ȤǤϡ߲񡤥ǡȡĤ󡤥󥷥åפʤɤι԰٤ƱŪäƤΤǤ롥

Malinowski, Bronislaw. "The Problem of Meaning in Primitive Languages." Supplement 1. The Meaning of Meaning. C. K. Ogden and I. A. Richards. San Diego, New York, and London: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, 1989. 296--336.

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