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"mandative subjunctive" 뤤ϲˡߤȸƤФˡˤĤơ#325. mandative subjunctive should ([2010-03-18-1])#326. The subjunctive forms die hard. ([2010-03-19-1])#345. "mandative subjunctive" Υꥹȡ ([2010-04-07-1])#3042. Ѹ³ˡλѤäͳ ([2017-08-25-1]) ʤɤǰäƤ
ޤοࡤˤϡ礫ʬϤء (synthesis_to_analysis) ȤѸˤ礭ĬήǰƬˤȡΥꥫѸʤ٤ƥꥹѸǤˤˤ벾ˡߤοĥϡʵήȤƤȤ館롥ä͡ʸ椬ԤʤƤŪʲͿƤʤޤŪ˥ꥫѸǤλѤϡꥫѸݼŪʷʤ colonial_lag 1ĤȤФвᤵƤβˤ⵿褦ˤʤäƤʤŸˡλ¸ȤϡѸ˰٤ѤȤʤ꤫ŸˡθѸˤη̤ǤϤʤȡ
ԸȤʤ顤Mondorf (853) Τ褦Ƥ롥
[R]ecent empirical studies concur that the subjunctive had virtually become extinct in both varieties; rather than witnessing its delayed demise in AmE, we are observing its revival in AmE and --- though at a slower pace --- also in BrE . . . .
The trajectory of change takes the form of a successive decline from Old English to Early Modern English, ranging from a relatively wide distribution in Old English, with competition between indicatives and modal periphrases (e.g. scolde + infinitive), via a reduction of formal marking in Middle English (when the indicative preterit plural -on and subjunctive preterit plural and past participle of strong verbs -en were fused and final unstressed -e was lost), to rare instances in Early Modern English. It is only at the end of the LModE period that the subjunctive re-established itself and "nothing less than a revolution took place" . . . .
ʤѸΥꥫ³ˡѤ褷ƤΤȤ䤤ˤĤƤϡĤε롥ޤ#3042. Ѹ³ˡλѤäͳ ([2017-08-25-1]) Ǥߤ褦ˡʸˡαƶϤҲŪװŻ뤹븫롥ǽŪʴ顤 (irrealis) ɽȤˡΤΤѤäƤ餺ηˡư줫³ˡ߶ޤإեȤˤʤȤ븫⤢롥ԤθǤϡꥫѸˤƤĤˡưλѤȤȤδϢͤ (Mondorf 853--54)
ꥹѸǤ⥢ꥫѸ٤Фʤ顤³ˡߤλѤƤƤ褦ϰ̤ˤϥꥫѸαƶ (americanisation) ȹͤƤ롥⤷ȾʤȤʬŪˤϡĤƤΥꥫѸǵäΤƱͤˡꥹѸǤΩŪȯãȤǽΤƤʤȤ (Mondorf 854) ޤ;Ϥʬ˻ĤäƤΰǤ롥
ĤǶδϢ븦νƤ
Crawford, William J. "The Mandative Subjunctive." One Language, Two Grammars: Grammatical Differences between British English and American English. Ed. Günter Rohdenburg and Julia Schlüter. Cambridge: CUP, 2009. 257--276.
Hundt, Marianne. "Colonial Lag, Colonial Innovation or Simply Language Change?" One Language, Two Grammars: Grammatical Differences between British English and American English. Ed. Günter Rohdenburg and Julia Schlüter. Cambridge: CUP, 2009. 13--37.
Kjellmer, Göran. "The Revived Subjunctive." One Language, Two Grammars: Grammatical Differences between British English and American English. Ed. Günter Rohdenburg and Julia Schlüter. Cambridge: CUP, 2009. 246--256.
Övergaard, Gerd. The Mandative Subjunctive in American and British English in the 20th Century. Stockholm: Almqvist & Wiksell, 1995.
Schlüuter, Julia. "The Conditional Subjunctive." One Language, Two Grammars: Grammatical Differences between British English and American English. Ed. Günter Rohdenburg and Julia Schlüter. Cambridge: CUP, 2009. 277--305.
Mondorf, Britta. "Late Modern English: Morphology." Chapter 53 of English Historical Linguistics: An International Handbook. 2 vols. Ed. Alexander Bergs and Laurel J. Brinton. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter, 2012. 843--69.
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