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2021-06-03 Thu

#4420. ѤȤøŪʤꡩ [borrowing][contact][suffix][french][loan_translation][false_friend]

ܿ (contact) γ񤤤Ƥ Winford ϡʸˡܤμѲǽϤƤʤΤΡŦƤʸˡѤλ¿ϡ̾θüѤ١ȤΤǤꡤȯŸǤȤ٤ΤΤǤϤʤȤͤ򼨤Ƥ롥
㤨С̤Ѹˤϥե󥹸줫¿ܼѤ줿Ȥ롥 (suffix) ˸¤äƤ -acioun, -age, -aunce, -erie, -ment, -ite; -ant, -ard, -esse, -our; -able, -al, -iv, -ous, -ate, -ify, -ize ʤɤ󤲤 (Winford 57) ѸüԤϡե󥹸äԥݥȤڤäƼƤ櫓ǤϤʤޤǤñ̤˼ƤθڤФơѸθŬѤΤŪ˥ե󥹸줫ܼѤΤ褦˸뤬ºݤΥץϡüѤθܼڤФŬѤȤȤʤΤ
Ʊͤˡ츫ŪʼѤ˸⡤칽¤ùܤμѤޤϢưǷŪ칽¤ΤΤ⥳ԡ줿̤ȤߤʤȤǤ뤫⤷ʤ
㤨СWinford (66) Silva-Corvalán 1994ǯθ򻲾ȤơɸॹڥȡѸǻܿƤ󥼥륹ڥιʸӤƤ롥ѸǤ they broke my jaw 칽¤ԤǤͿ me ȼ y me quebraron la mandibula ȤʤΤΡԤǤϱѸ° mi ȼ y quebraron mi, mi jaw ȤʤȤ󥼥륹ڥιʸˤƱѸ줫ѤƤ褦ˤߤ뤬̩ˤСּѡפȤϡѸ칽¤򻲾ȤǤΥ󥼥륹ڥȤƤˡγĥȤ٤⤷ʤȤΤϡɸॹڥǤ⡤Ԥι¤ԼǤϤ뤬ƶоݤ֤פΤ褦ʿΤ̤ǤϤʤΤڤΥ̤νͭʪξˤϡ̤Ѥ뤫ĤޤꡤȤȤΥڥˤäѡŪ¤бѸ칽¤˿ȯơˤޤäΤ褦˻פ롥ּѡפȸƤ֤ȤǤΤȡФ Winford η (68)

Silva-Corvalán (1998) discusses several other examples like these, and argues that the changes involved are not the outcome of direct borrowing of a syntactic structures or rules from one language into another (1998: 225). Rather, what is involved is a kind of "lexico-syntactic calquing" (ibid.) triggered by partial congruence between Spanish and English words. This results in Spanish words assuming the semantic and/or subcategorization properties of the apparent English equivalents (faux amis). Her findings lead her to the conclusion that "what is borrowed across languages is not syntax, but lexicon and pragmatics" (1998: 226) This claim certainly seems to hold for cases of language maintenance with bilingualism such as that in LA.


ѡפ "lexico-syntactic calquing" (cf. loan_translation) Ȥơ뤤Ū "faux amis" (cf. false_friend) ȤƤȤ館ϤޤǤˤʤäܤ줿

Winford, Donald. An Introduction to Contact Linguistics. Malden, MA: Blackwell, 2003.
Silva-Corvalán, Carmen. Language Contact and Change: Spanish in Los Angeles. Oxford: Clarendon, 1994.
Silva-Corvalán, Carmen. "On Borrowing as a Mechanism of Syntactic Change." Romance Linguistics: Theoretical Perspectives. Ed. Shwegler, Armin, Bernard Tranel, and Myriam Uribe-Etxebarria. Amsterdam: Benjamins, 1998. 225--46.

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