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2011-02-17 Thu

#661. 12󥰥ɿͤäդȽ񤭸 [anglo-norman][writing][bilingualism][reestablishment_of_english][diglossia]

Υޥˤꥤ󥰥ɤθѸ줬 Old English Norman French ڤؤä󥰥ǸԤ Anglo-French ȤȯãLatin ȤȤ˥󥰥ɤμפʽ񤭸դȤʤäΥޥ2ۤɡѸϽ񤭸դȤƳ̵Ȥ櫓ǤϤʤäۤȤɤűѸäʸμ̤ǤꡤѸ줬ʸȤɽ蘆Ƥ櫓ǤϤʤѸäդǤФ񤭸դȤƤѸ줬ܳŪ˸Ƥˤϡ12ȾԤʤФʤʤäޤǤϡ󥰥ɤ1ν񤭸դȤбѸǤϤʤAnglo-French Latin äΤǤ롥
ΥޥΥ󥰥ɤäդȤСѤ餺Ѹäե󥹿ͤǤ벦²䤽δطԤ夷Ф餯ϥե󥹸ȤݻƤȹͤ뤷󥰥ɿͤǤήܤ뵡Τ͡Ͼʤ餺ե󥹸2ȤƽƤ󥰥ɤ1äդȤбѸ˰㤤ʤä ( see [2010-11-25-1] )
Τ褦ˡΥޥ夷Ф餯δ֤ϡ󥰥ɤˤפäդȽ񤭸դȤϿäƤ12ˤơ󥰥ɿͤν񤭼ʤϱѸäƤʤ顤񤯤Ȥˤ Anglo-French ѤȤڤؤѤȤˤĤƤȤˤʤ롥դ˸С12ޤǤˤϡAnglo-French ν񤭼ǤäƤפäդϱѸä礭Lass and Laing (3) Ѥ롥

By the early Middle English period, four generations after the Conquest, the high prestige languages in the written/spoken diglossia (though distantly cognate) were 'foreign': normally second and third languages, formally taught and learned. By the late 12th century it is virtually certain --- except in the case of scribes from continuingly bilingual families (and we do not have the information that would allow us to identify them) --- that none of the English scribes writing French were native speakers of French (though some may of course have been coordinate bilinguals). It is certain that none were native speakers of Latin, since after the genesis of the Romance vernaculars in the early centuries of this era it is most unlikely that there were any.


Υ󥰥ɤξܤβͶξȤƤߤСʤܸäƤʤ顤񤯤ȤˤϴʸѤʤǤβäɬդǤϤʤ⤷ʤˤȤ褦ʾ
12󥰥ɤˤäդȽ񤭸դ diglossia 2ѼȤʬפ뤤 bilingualism ˤĤƤϡLass and Laing (p.3, fn. 3) ¿λʸ󤲤Ƥ롥

Lass, Roger and Margaret Laing. "Interpreting Middle English." Chapter 2 of "A Linguistic Atlas of Early Middle English: Introduction.'' Available online at http://www.lel.ed.ac.uk/ihd/laeme1/pdf/Introchap2.pdf .

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