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ΥޥˤꥤɤθѸ줬 Old English Norman French ڤؤäǸԤ Anglo-French ȤȯãLatin ȤȤ˥ɤμפʽդȤʤäΥޥ2ۤɡѸϽդȤƳ̵Ȥ櫓ǤϤʤäۤȤɤűѸäʸμ̤ǤꡤѸ줬ʸȤɽ蘆Ƥ櫓ǤϤʤѸäդǤФդȤƤѸ줬ܳŪ˸Ƥˤϡ12ȾԤʤФʤʤäޤǤϡɤ1νդȤбѸǤϤʤAnglo-French Latin äΤǤ롥
ΥޥΥɤäդȤСѤ餺ѸäեͤǤ벦²䤽δطԤ夷Ф餯ϥեȤݻƤȹͤ뤷ɿͤǤήܤ뵡Τ͡Ͼʤ餺ե2ȤƽƤɤ1äդȤбѸ˰㤤ʤä ( see [2010-11-25-1] )
Τ褦ˡΥޥ夷Ф餯δ֤ϡɤˤפäդȽդȤϿäƤ12ˤơɿͤνʤϱѸäƤʤ顤Ȥˤ Anglo-French ѤȤڤؤѤȤˤĤƤȤˤʤ롥դ˸С12ޤǤˤϡAnglo-French νǤäƤפäդϱѸä礭Lass and Laing (3) Ѥ롥
By the early Middle English period, four generations after the Conquest, the high prestige languages in the written/spoken diglossia (though distantly cognate) were 'foreign': normally second and third languages, formally taught and learned. By the late 12th century it is virtually certain --- except in the case of scribes from continuingly bilingual families (and we do not have the information that would allow us to identify them) --- that none of the English scribes writing French were native speakers of French (though some may of course have been coordinate bilinguals). It is certain that none were native speakers of Latin, since after the genesis of the Romance vernaculars in the early centuries of this era it is most unlikely that there were any.
ΥɤξܤβͶξȤƤߤСʤܸäƤʤ顤ȤˤϴʸѤʤǤβäɬդǤϤʤ⤷ʤˤȤ褦ʾ
12ɤˤäդȽդ diglossia 2ѼȤʬפ뤤 bilingualism ˤĤƤϡLass and Laing (p.3, fn. 3) ¿λʸƤ롥
Lass, Roger and Margaret Laing. "Interpreting Middle English." Chapter 2 of "A Linguistic Atlas of Early Middle English: Introduction.'' Available online at http://www.lel.ed.ac.uk/ihd/laeme1/pdf/Introchap2.pdf .
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