hellogѸ˥֥               ǿ     helhub (The HEL Hub) 2013-08     ڡ     ɽ    

hellogѸ˥֥ / 2013-08-08

01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31

2013-08-08 Thu

#1564. face [face][politeness][terminology][euphemism][honorific][phatic_communion][t/v_distinction][solidarity]

#1559. в񤤤̤ΰ ([2013-08-08-1]) ǿ줿 Goffman face-work ϡǯθҲؤܤ politeness ˤͭ˾ȤߤʤƤ롥
ˤ륳ߥ˥ˤ衤¾μҲŪʸήˤ衤ͤŪŪʥͥ륮䤷ʤ餽˽Ƥ롥ʤͤϤ虜虜Τ褦ʤȤ򤹤ΤҲ񤫤ݤ¤ƤޤǡήޤΤϤʤߵˤΤȤΤǤǤ뤬㤨 phatic communion ʸŪѡˤϤɤΤ褦ˤߵ­˴طȤΤꥫμҲؼ Goffman ϡͤϤߤ face ȤǰäƤꡤºŤ礦Ȥ԰ (face-work) ˤäƼҲĤǤȼĥGoffman (213) ˤȡface ȤϼΤ褦ʤΤǤ롥

The term face may be defined as the positive social value a person effectively claims for himself by the line others assume he has taken during a particular contact. Face is an image of self delineated in terms of approved social attributes---albeit an image that others may share, as when a person makes a good showing for his profession or religion by making a good showing for himself.


ܸˤܤ򼺤ס̻ҤŤ󤺤פʤɤɽΤ face γǰʬ䤹Ѹˤ "to lose/save face" Ȥ롥
face-work ιҤϡHudson (113--14) ʲ̤˽Ҥ٤Ƥ롥

The basic idea of the theory is this: we lead unavoidably social lives, since we depend on each other, but as far as possible we try to lead our lives without losing our own face. However, our face is a very fragile thing which other people can very easily damage, so we lead our social lives according to the Golden Rule ('Do to others as you would like them to do to you!') by looking after other people's faces in the hope that they will look after ours. . . . Face is something that other people give to us, which is why we have to be so careful to give it to them (unless we consciously choose to insult them, which is exceptional behaviour).


ͤˤϼ¾Ȥǧ̻ҡפ롥ʬϤʤ褦ϤƤƱˡ¾ͤ⤽ΩơĤʤ褦ϤƤ롥줬face-work θ
Brown and Levinson politeness θ衤face ˤ positive face negative face 2ब̤ȸ롥ξԤȤ˼¾ºŤɽ魯ԤϤοͤؤºŤ򼨤ȡԤϤοͤθºŤ뤳Ȥб롥ζ̤ɬʬ䤹ΤǤϤʤHudson ˤ줾 solidarity-face power-face ȸƤӤƤ (114)

Solidarity-face is respect as in I respect you for . . ., i.e. the appreciation and approval that others show for the kind of person we are, for our behaviour, for our values and so on. If something threatens our solidarity-face we feel embarrassment or shame. Power-face is respect as in I respect your right to . . ., which is a 'negative' agreement not to interfere. This is the basis for most formal politeness, such as standing back to let someone else pass. When our power-face is threatened we feel offended. . . . Solidarity-politeness shows respect for the person, whereas power-politeness respects their rights.


ƤԤ˸ƤӤ mate, love, darling, Hi! ʤɤ solidarity-politeness Ǥꡤܾοͤ˸ƤӤɾΡplease ʤɤǫɽնʸˡʤɤ power-politeness Ǥ롥Ѹ T/V distinction äοƤߤ thou ȷɤ you ϡۤʤ졤 face ºŤ politeness ι԰٤ȤȤˤʤ롥
Ϣơ#1059. ϽŻ뤫ְռŻؿܤƤ T/V distinction ([2012-03-21-1]) ȡ#1552. T/V distinction face ([2013-07-27-1]) εӡ#1126. 衼åѤμ׸ˤ T/V distinction ε ([2012-05-27-1]) ĥäε򻲾Ȥ줿ִפˤĤƤܸɤߤ䤹ʸȤƤϡܿϺΡظμҲءȤΤ٤3Ϥ󤲤Ƥ

Goffman, Erving. "On Face-Work: An Analysis of Ritual Elements in Social Interaction." Psychiatry 18 (1955): 213--31.
Hudson, R. A. Sociolinguistics. 2nd ed. Cambridge: CUP, 1996.
ϺظμҲءȤΤ١ҡӡ2013ǯ.

[ | ѥڡ ]

2026 : 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12
2025 : 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12
2024 : 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12
2023 : 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12
2022 : 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12
2021 : 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12
2020 : 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12
2019 : 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12
2018 : 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12
2017 : 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12
2016 : 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12
2015 : 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12
2014 : 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12
2013 : 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12
2012 : 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12
2011 : 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12
2010 : 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12
2009 : 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12

ǽ: 2026-06-26 03:46

Powered by WinChalow1.0rc4 based on chalow