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2016-07-27 Wed

#2648. 17ȾθŪҤΥ֥른ﲽ [sociolinguistics][history][monarch][dryden]

ѸˤơŪҤϤɤˤȹͤƤϡѸνȤʹߤλȤǰۤʤäƤ
Knowles (120) ˤСElizabeth īޤᡤʹߤ1ΤȷӤĤƤŪҤ17Ⱦ18ˤ滺ȷӤĤ褦ˤʤꡤߤˤޤ³ꥹˤ볬ȸѤ̩ܤʴطˤϤޤäȤ

In a hierarchical society, it must seem obvious that those at the top are in possession of the correct forms, while everybody else labours with the problems of corruption. The logical conclusion is that the highest authority is associated with the monarchy. In Elizabeth's time, the usage of the court was asserted as a model for the language as a whole. After the Restoration, Dryden gave credit for the improvement of English to Charles II and his court. It must be said that this became less and less credible after 1688. William III was a Dutchman. Queen Anne was not credited with any special relationship with the language, and Addison and Swift were rather less than explicit in defining the learned and polite persons, other than themselves, who had in their possession the perfect standard of English. Anne's successor was the German-speaking elector of Hanover, who became George I. After 1714, even the most skilled propagandist would have found it difficult to credit the king with any authority with regard to a language he did not speak. Nevertheless, the monarchy was once again associated with correct English when the popular image of the monarchy improved in the time of Victoria.
   After 1714 writers continued to appeal to the nobility for support and to act as patrons to their work on language. Some writers, such as Lord Chesterfield, were themselves of high social status. Robert Lowth became bishop of London. But ascertaining the standard language essentially became a middle-class activity. The social value of variation in language is that 'correct' forms can be used as social symbols, and distinguish middle class people from those they regard as common and vulgar. The long-term effect of this is the development of a close connection in England between language and social class.


⤫ƤΤϡŪҤȸŪҤϢưǤ롥ŪʷˤƤϡλƳԤȤƤϰ̤ȡ餬äϰ̤ȤϢưƤϤǤ롥ŪŪϤäƤ񲦤θФդθŵǤꡤϤǤꡤۤǤϤǤ롥18ʹߤ˷פꥹϡͤ William III äꡤɥĿͤ George I Ǥäȡ˱ѸäʤͤäΤǤʴϢơ#141. 18εϤѤ ([2009-09-15-1]) ⻲ȡˡ¬褦ˡꥹϼºݤ˥ꥹˤۤɴؿʤäΤǤꡤꥹ̱ˤäơŵסϡסۡפȤߤʤ櫓ʤä顤񲦤Ȥ򱿱Ĥ "Prime Minister" ʽ Sir Robert WalpoleˤФ졤ονƸߤ˻Τ顤ʤΤǤ롥ơŪҤϡ񲦤ͭϹ̱ɽԡ¼Ūˤ͵ʥ֥른ɽԤؤȰܹԤ
ʤ顤ϢươŪҤνߤ񲦤֥른ɽԤؤȡȤ櫓Фưռι⤤ʸϵҤؤȰܹԤơ񲦤ǤϤʤʬι⤤ܤΤ볬ɽԤѸᡤݤϤޤä21θոˤο "pundit" ⡤θѼԤ¾ʤʤ

Knowles, Gerry. A Cultural History of the English Language. London: Arnold, 1997.

Referrer (Inside): [2016-07-30-1] [2016-07-28-1]

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