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һҤ覻ҤκŪƤ뤬ؤΩ줫餹ȡ뤪ʤ˷ۤ夬ΤǤϤʤȹͤƤ롥
ˤϡǶᡤ̾줫ƻĤ -ish ̻ŪȤطƤ롥θξܺ٤ϳ䰦뤬[2009-09-07-1]εǼ夲 -ish εǽŪOED ˤ̻ŪפŤ褦ȤǤ롥 -ish ϡ̾̾ɽ魯̾줫餽ηƻФȤợŪˤΩä ( ex. Angle > English; Kent > Kentish ) -ish ³оݤʹ֤ưʪɽ魯̾س礹˵ڤǡ˷Ūʰ̣ӤӤ褦ˤʤä ( ex. child > childish; dog > doggish ) Ȥơ-ish ϴΤɽ魯¸ߤΤİħФơŪ connotation ķƻ뵡ǽȯŸƤäθǤ semantic prosody semantic preference ȤѸ줳ȤʤäϢǤ뤳Ȥ餫Ǥ롥Ƕ semantic prosody εǤϸʾñ̤ȤʤäƤ褦-ish Ȥ꾮ǤˤѤǤΤȻפ롥
-ish εǽŪϡΤɽ魯¸ߤΰħФȤ¿äƤꡤ˴ŤƤȸ櫓-ish 1Τߤڵ˵ƱѸʤ뤤ϸ̡ˤ˴ŤƤȼĥΤϡޤǤ롥ʤȤѸΰ̣Ϥȡ-ish ʳˤѸ negative ָ㤬Ĥ롥
㤨С[2010-08-13-1]εǸ褦ˡ̣Ѳʬ˰̣ɲ ( amelioration ) Ȱ ( pejoration ) ̤뤬ѸˤλȤƤϰΤۤ¿ ([2010-09-14-1])
ޤsemantic prosody [2011-03-04-1], [2011-03-02-1]εǽҤ٤褦ˡutterly, happen, set in ʤɡunfavourable ʲӤӤΤۤդ¿Partington "It may be the case, one suspects, that humans have a greater tendency or need to communicate to each other the 'bad things' which happen in life and this could be reflected in texts" (133) ȽҤ٤Ƥ뤷Louw Ʊݤ "there seem, prima facie, to be more 'bad' prosodies than 'good' ones" (qtd in Partington, p. 133 as from Louw, p. 171) ȸäƤ롥
̲Ͽ٤ȤϻפĤġ-ish ˴ؤʸ (forthcoming) ǤϸʲΤ褦˽Ҥ٤
Since in the nature of human beings it is arguably easier to criticise, rather than praise, others particularly in everyday, colloquial, or vulgar context, it is small wonder why -ish should tend to extract a negative rather than a positive aspect out of people's close neighbours.
ˤߤ negative ָƤ椭ȰŤΤǡpositive ָʸ߾ˤ˺줺ˡ (see [2010-09-11-1])
Partington, A. "'Utterly content in each other's company': Semantic Prosody and Semantic Preference." International Journal of Corpus Linguistics 9.1 (2004): 131--56.
Louw, B. "Irony in the Text or Insincerity in the Writer? The Diagnostic Potential of Semantic Prosodies." Text and Technology: In Honour of John Sinclair. Eds. M. Baker, G. Francis and E. Tognini-Bonelli. Amsterdam: John Benjamins, 1993. 157--76.
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