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2011-03-22 Tue

#694. ٸԵ§ʣ [plural][analogy][kyng_alisaunder][frequency][animal]

Ѹ˸¤餺ˤ٤ι⤤̯ʿ񤤤򤹤 ([2009-09-20-1]) ѸǤϡưβʬ졤̾ʣƻ졦ӵ顦ǾԵ§ʿ񤤤򤹤Τˤϡٸ줬Τ¿̾ʣäʤȡѸ̤ˤǹͤ men, children, feet, teeth ʤɤ˻פ⤫֡geese, mice, oxen, sheep ʤɤϤϤƤۤɹٸȤ[2010-03-01-1]ǾҲ𤷤ٸꥹȤ BNC lemma į᤿¤ꡤgoose ox ʤɤϾ6318äƤʤ oxen ˤĤƤ[2010-08-22-1]򻲾ȡ
geese oxen ⤫ĤƤϸȶưʪǤꡤ٤⤫äȻפ롥줬ȶǤʤʤäƤˤԵ§ݻƤΤȹͤ󡤸夢뤤ϲˤ٤򺬵ˡԵ§ʸݤηŪ뤳ȤϤǤʤ٤ȵ§δط̵뤷ʤȤϳΤǤ롥Ϣ McMahon (73) Ѥ롥

It has been suggested that residual words are often the most frequently occurring, which will be heard and learned earliest by the child and which are furthermore most susceptible to correction if the child does produce a regularised form like **foots. Some objections can be raised; for instance, ox is not a particularly common noun in modern English - although it probably occurred rather frequently in Middle English. Ox might have been expected to regularise as it became less common, but this decrease in frequency probably overlapped with the rise of literacy, which tends to slow down analogical change. In general, the connection of resistance to analogy with frequency seems to hold.


̾ʣθ򤷤ƤȡŤѸäѸˤΥƥȤ˸ưʪ̾ҴȿƤޤ Kyng Alisaunder ɤǤơΤ褦ʸϤ˽Ф路ޥɥ˥Alisaunder Philippe Τ Bulcifal ԤѤȤ뤳Ȥᡤζ˿ʪ򤹤Ȥ̤Ǥ롥ε[2011-03-21-1]Ʊ͡Smithers Ǥ B (MS. Laud Misc. 622 of the Bodleian Library, Oxford) L (MS. 150 of the Library of Lincoln's Inn, London) 2СӤʤѤưʪʣֻ̾Ȥˡ

Oxen, sheep, and ek ken,
many on he dude slen,
And after he bad his goddes feyre
He most wyte of his eyre,
Of Alisaunder and Philippoun,
Who shulde haue þe regioun. (B 759--64)

Oxen schep and eke kuyn
Monyon he dude slen
And after he bad his godus faire
He moste y witen of his aire
Of Alisaundre or of Philipoun
Whiche schold haue þe regioun (L 756--61)


⤦1ĤϡAlexander Darius 臘˽򤷤Ƥ̡

Hij charged many a selcouþe beeste
Of olifauntz, and ek camayles,
Wiþ armure and ek vitayles,
Longe cartes wiþ pauylounes,
Hors and oxen wiþ venisounes,
Assen and mulen wiþ her stouers; (B 1860--65)

Y chargid mony a selcouþ beste
Olifauns and eke camailes
Wiþ armure and eke vitailes
Long cartes wiþ pauelouns
Hors and oxen wiþ vensounes
Assen and muylyn wiþ heore stoueris (L 1854--59)


ˤ⤦1ġDarius οʷξ̤ꡥ

Ycharged olifauntz and camaile,
Dromedarien, and ek oxen,
Mo þan ȝe connen asken. (B 3402--04)

And charged olifans and camailes
Dromedaries assen and oxen
Mo þan ȝe can askyn (L 3385--87)


Τ褦ưʪ̾줬󤵤ȡѸˤϤưʪʾʤȤʪˤơˤ˿ȶǤäǧǤȤȤˡε§ʣιԵ§ʣݻμŪİ뤳ȤǤ롥

McMahon, April M. S. Understanding Language Change. Cambridge: CUP, 1994.
Smithers, G. V. ed. Kyng Alisaunder. 2 vols. EETS os 227 and 237. 1952--57.

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