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ɸ4 (cf. [2012-10-17-1], [2015-05-28-1])[2016-06-14-1]) Samuels ϡphonaesthesia Ȥݤ켫ȡѲ1ȤƽפǤǤϤʤ̼θѲβˤͿȹͤƤ롥ʲΤ褦ˡ֤̣ؤδͿƿˤȽҤ٤Ƥ (Samuels 48)
(a) a word changes in form because its existing meaning suggests the inclusion of a phonaestheme, or the substitution of a different one;
(b) a word changes in meaning because its existing form fits the new meaning better, i.e. its form thereby gains in motivation;
(c) a new word arises from a combination of both (a) and (b).
(a) ζȤ Samuels εƤΤdrag, fag, flag, lag, nag, sag Τ褦 phonaestheme -ag /-ag/ ĸ췲Ǥ롥Τʤ flag, lag, sag ˤĤƤϡΤƤ츻Ϥ /g/ ǤϤʤ /k/ äƤ롥˾Τ줫ʳ /k/ /g/ ִ줿Ȥ뤬ϲѲη̤ǤϤʤ phonaestheme -ag αƶˤΤ̣Ǥ (analogy) ȤäƤ褤פǤ礭Ǥ꾮 phonaestheme Ȥñ̤εˤðۤǤ롥ۤˡդɽ魯Τ˻ҲŤͤ "expressive gemination" ⡤(a) Υפ˶ᤤ
(b) ȤƤϡcl- br- ĤĤθΰ̣ phonaestheme ΤĴްաʤ줾 "clinging, coagulation" "vehemence" ۤɡˤ˶ŤĤѲƤäҲ𤵤Ƥ (Samuels 55--56)
| earlier meaning | later meaning | |
|---|---|---|
| CLOG | fasten wood to (1398) | encumber by adhesion (1526) |
| CLASP | fasten (1386), enfold (1447) | grip by hand, clasp (1583) |
| BRAZEN | of brass (OE) | impudent (1573) |
| BRISTLE | stand up stiff (1480) | become indignant (1549) |
| BROIL | burn (1375) | get angry (1561) |
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ǽ: 2026-06-26 03:46
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