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ǯevolution, mutation, chance, natural selection, variation, exaptation ʤɡʲʪؤѸڤꤿʲ (linguistic evolution) ˤʤäƤƤ롥ˤֿʲפιͤˤĤƤ͡ʵꡤܥ֥Ǥ#432. ѲФ뻰Ĥιͤ ([2010-07-03-1])#519. εȿʲõ븦ʬ ([2010-09-28-1])#520. ˸ؤϸεȿʲθȤɤΤ褦ʴطˤ뤫 ([2010-09-29-1]) ۤ evolution γƵǤϢ夲ƤˤֿʲפΤ褯ޤȤΤȤƤϡMcMahon 12 (314--40) McMahon (337) ϡ夳ǤθѲθ椬ͭ˾ȤߤƤ뤬ǼȤޤʤФʤʤϾʤʤȤҤ٤Ƥ롥
. . . many questions remain if we are to make full use of our evolutionary terminology in historical linguistics. We do not know which units selection might operate on in language history; are they words, rules, speakers, or languages themselves? We do not know whether linguistic evolution is governed only by general, universal tendencies, or whether these can be overridden by language-specific factors. And we have yet to formulate the conditions under which variation and selection might conspire to produce regularity.
(selection) Ѥñ̤ϲȤܼŪǤ롥ǡǡ졤硤ᡤʸΧ§üԡüԽġ줽Τθꤹ뤢Ȥñ̤Ȥʤꤦ롥ΤȤϡñ̤ܤƸοʲѲҤȤȤ벾˴Ť٤ǤȤȤפ롥
ʤߤˡ McMahon ʸϤϡäƤ SHEL-9/DSNA-20 Conference (The 9th Studies in the History of the English Language Conference) ǡȼθѲŸ Nikolaus Ritt ĴֱˤʬŪ˰ѡȤƤΤǤ⤢롥
McMahon, April M. S. Understanding Language Change. Cambridge: CUP, 1994.
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