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2015-07-24 Fri

#2279. Ѹäεžع¤ [loan_word][french][lexicology][register][taboo][semantic_change][lexical_stratification]

ѸˤϡѸȥե󥹸졦ƥ줫μѸ줬Ѱ㤨ƶ¸롤äع¤Ȥ٤Τ롥̤ˡäŪŪ̱ŪάȤľܤäʤɤħѸϳŪŪʸŪʼΩ褽褽ȤäġλѰΩˤĤƤϡOrr εҤŪΤǤ롥

For two hundred years and more, things intellectual, things pertaining to the spirit, were symbolized by words that had a flavour of remoteness, of higher courtliness, words redolent of the school rather than of the home, words that often had by their side humbler synonyms, humbler, yet used to express the things that are closer to our hearts as human beings, as children and parents, lovers and workers. (Orr, John. Words and Sounds in English and French. Oxford: Blackwell, 1953. p. 42 qtd. in Ullmann 146)


ܥ֥Ǥ⡤Ω˴Ϣ#334. Ѹäλع¤ ([2010-03-27-1])#335. ܸäλع¤ ([2010-03-28-1])#1296. ع¤ɲá ([2012-11-13-1])#1960. ѸäΥԥߥåɹ¤ ([2014-09-08-1])#2072. Ѹäλع¤ ([2014-12-29-1]) ۤ¿εǼ夲Ƥ
줬㤯Ѹ줬⤤ȤѰʬۤ¿θåڥƤϤޤ뤳Ȥϻ¤طžƤ褦˸ڥʤǤϤʤ㤨СUllmann (147) ϡΥڥ󤲤Ƥ롥ǽ2ȤΥڥˤĤƤϡJespersen (93) ⿨Ƥ롥

Native wordForeign word
dalevalley
deedaction
foeenemy
meedreward
to heedto take notice of


Υڥˤơ̤ʴްդʤŪѤΤϡ¦μѸη¦ηϡषʸŪŪǤꡤ٤Ū㤤Ȼפ롥ͽۤȿ뤳Τ褦ʵžʬۤϡŪޤǤϤȤϤʤΤ
1ĤˤϡΥڥǤϡ٤㤵Ѱζ䤷̤ˡѸ줬Ⱦִ˶ᤤΤǤϤʤΤۤäƤдѤȤʤäƤ⤪ʤäѰ¤äꡤ˸ꤵʤɤǽŪˤϼŪ˻¸˻äΤǤΰϤ̣ü첽 (specialization) 뤤Ͻ̾ (narrowing) λȤäƤ褤
ơΤ褦ˤĤäϡˤΡִľܤä¤ȯĤˤζŪʴްդӤӤ뤳ȤˤʤäΤǤϤʤ󥰥̱²Ȥ򤢤ƤСˤϡΤ褦̱²ۤ䶫ӤΤ褦ʤΤΤ줬ʤΤ̤ʤΤˤȤʸŪŪʶäѤ˻äƤ롥
˶ŪʴްդղäơˤäƤϥ֡˶ᤤϤͭ˻äΤȤơbloody (cf. sanguinary), blooming (cf. flourishing), devilish (cf. diabolical), hell (cf. inferno), popish (cf. papal) ʤɤ (Ullmann 147) ⡤dale foe ʤɤƱͤˡǤ˲ƻѰ褬줿ΤȲǤ롥

Ullmann, Stephen. Semantics: An Introduction to the Science of Meaning. 1962. Barns & Noble, 1979.
Jespersen, Otto. Growth and Structure of the English Language. 10th ed. Chicago: U of Chicago, 1982.

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