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2014-06-05 Thu

#1865. Ф thou ѤΤϤʤ [number][personal_pronoun][honorific][face][politeness][t/v_distinction][solidarity][sobokunagimon]

2;̾ you thou Ѹ˾ˤĤƤϡ¿εǼ夲Ƥ you thou personal_pronoun 򻲾ȡˡѸѸޤǸ줿ɾΤ you ȿƾΤ thou λȤʬϡ#673. Burnley's you and thou ([2011-03-01-1]) ǽҤ٤褦ˡ٤ꤷ褦Ȥʣܥ롼ȤƤϡҲŪΩ줬μԤФƤϷɾΤ you Ѥ٤Ȥ롥Ȥꥹȶ̤ФƸƤӤˤϡѸǤϿƾΤ thou ѤΤǤ롥ΤȤҲŪΩ줬μԤɽΤ̯ǤϤ뤬ˤηɰդ򼨤оݤȤơɾΤ you ͽۤ줽ʤȤʤʤʤΤ¤ϡѸǤϤʤΥե󥹸ȥɥĸʤɤ򻲾ȤȡϤФƿƾΤ tu, du 򤽤줾Ѥ봷롥
Ūˤϡpoliteness ˴Ť T/V distinction ޤ¸ߤʤä塤㤨иűѸˤϡꥹȶΤͤοؤθƤӤϡʤñ thou ѤƤȤ¤롥ŪˡѸʹߤ³ȤȤϤꤽޤͣǤ뤳ȤĴ뤿ˡñǤ thou Ф줿Ȥͤ⤢롥夫ȤϤT/V distinction Ƴ夷ζŪʴФȤơФ thou ȸƤӤΤϼȤϤޤäפʤäΤѤʵ䤬襤Ƥ롥
Ф1Ĥβϡ#1564. face ([2013-08-08-1]) Ƴ positive face 뤤 solidarity-face ΩƤ褦Ȥ politeness ιͤǤ롥εǡֱѸ T/V distinction äοƤߤ thou ȷɤ you ϡۤʤ졤 face ºŤ politeness ι԰٤ȤȤˤʤפȽҤ٤褦ˡƾΤ thou λѤϡɾΤ you λѤȤϰۤʤäǤϤ뤬Ʊ褦˥ݥ饤ȤȤȤǤ롥Ԥʿˤ positive face ΩƤ԰٤Ǥꡤߤ solidarity ΤΩġʬΤȤ thou ȸƤӡƤߴäƤƤΤ顤οθդºŤƼ졤餫Ƥߤ thou ȸƤܤ褦Ȥˤʤpositive politeness negative politeness ˤĤƤϡWardhaugh (292) Τ褦Ƥ롥

Positive politeness leads to moves to achieve solidarity through offers of friendship, the use of compliments, and informal language use: we treat others as friends and allies, do not impose on them, and never threaten their face. On the other hand, negative politeness leads to deference, apologizing, indirectness, and formality in language use: we adopt a variety of strategies so as to avoid any threats to the face others are presenting to us.


(19) ϡɥĸǿɾΤ Sie ǤϤʤƾΤ du ǸƤִˤĤơpositive politeness ȤѸƳˡΤ褦˰פƤ롥

ȤСʤդ˹ͤƤϤɤǤ礦ꥹȶ򿮤Ƥͤϡ俲ʤɡΤʾ̤ǿͤˤ򤷤ޤޤʤȤ䡤ʤǤȤɤƤ⤫ʤ˾Ȥ⡤ͤˤ򤷤ޤĤޤͤϡ͡ˤĤǤ⤤ơȶ˴Ƥ¸ߤʤΤǤϤʤǤ礦Ĥ⤽Фˤƿȶ顤֥ɥפĤΤȤ⤤ޤ
ȤȤϡɥĸǤϡ֥ɥפĤäȤäơɰդɽ路ƤʤȤˤϤʤʤΤǤƤߤɽºɤɽȤϤ󤼤طʤơܸΤ褦ˡºɤɽĤȿƤߤʤʤäƤޤʤɤȤȤϤʤΤǤƤߤΤɽĤäơʤķɰդɽ魯ȤǤΤɥĸʤΤȤΤǤϤʤǤ礦


Wardhaugh, Ronald. An Introduction to Sociolinguistics. 6th ed. Malden: Blackwell, 2010.
ҡܸˤϤɤƷɸ줬¿Ρ١ꥹۡ1997ǯ

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